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Large department store chains such as JC Penney generally use _________ pricing.


A) above-market
B) at-market
C) below-market
D) prestige pricing
E) everyday low pricing

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The ratio of the firm's sales revenues or unit sales to those of the industry (competitors plus the firm itself) is referred to as


A) target return on sales.
B) industry profit.
C) unit volume.
D) market share.
E) profit.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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With a cost-oriented pricing strategy,a price setter stresses the __________ side of the pricing problem and the price is set by looking at _________.


A) demand; revenue
B) production and marketing; profit
C) demand; target sales
D) cost; production and marketing costs
E) cost; consumer tastes

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The executive vice president of Washburn Guitars has set a sales target of 2,000 units for a new line of guitars.This type of objective is a(n) ________ pricing objective.


A) profit
B) target return
C) unit volume
D) market share
E) survival

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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A maximizing current profit objective implies that a company chooses to


A) set targets whose performance can be measured quickly.
B) give up immediate profit in exchange for achieving a higher market share in hopes of penetrating competitive markets.
C) set a profit goal that is often determined by its board of directors.
D) reduce investment in any further market or product research.
E) set prices based on return on sales.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following is a cost-oriented pricing method?


A) loss leader pricing
B) standard markup pricing
C) at-,above-,or below-market pricing
D) price lining
E) penetration pricing

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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When a firm offers a very low price on a product to attract customers to a store,and once in the store,the customer is persuaded to purchase a higher-priced item,the practice is referred to as


A) predatory pricing.
B) deceptive pricing.
C) price discrimination.
D) caveat emptor.
E) bait and switch.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about price elasticity of demand most accurate?


A) The more substitutes a product has,the more likely it is to be price elastic.
B) Almost all products show price inelasticity.
C) Nondiscretionary,(necessary) purchases are price elastic.
D) With inelastic demand,reducing price has a very large impact on revenues.
E) With inelastic demand,manufacturers change prices frequently to capitalize on consumer behavior.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The ratio of __________ to price is referred to as value.


A) prestige value
B) perceived benefits
C) costs
D) perceived quality
E) profits

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Discounts refer to reductions from the __________ that a seller gives a buyer as a reward for some activity of the buyer that is favorable to the seller.


A) final price
B) list price
C) wholesaler's cost
D) manufacturer's cost
E) retailer's cost

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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When Amazon introduced the Kindle Fire tablet device at $199 while Apple was selling the lowest price iPad for $499,Amazon was using a __________ pricing strategy.


A) skimming
B) price lining
C) odd-even
D) penetration
E) loss-leader

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Predatory pricing refers to


A) the practice of charging a very low price for a product with the intent of driving competitors out of business.
B) a conspiracy among firms to set prices for a product.
C) using price differentials when charging different prices on the basis of race,religion,or ethnic affiliation.
D) using price differentials when charging the original price for refurbished goods that have been damaged or used and returned but repaired according to company specifications.
E) controlling agreements between independent buyers and sellers whereby sellers are required to not sell products below a minimum retail price.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Barter is the practice of exchanging products and services for other products and services rather than for ___________.


A) value
B) ideas
C) promises
D) tariffs
E) money

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following is a profit-oriented pricing method?


A) target return-on-sales pricing
B) loss leader pricing
C) above-,at-,or below-market pricing
D) price lining
E) penetration pricing

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Rather than emphasize demand,cost,or profit factors,a price setter can stress what __________ is (are) doing.


A) the service sector
B) "the market" or competitors
C) the global economy
D) suppliers
E) the financial markets

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The quantity at which total revenue and total cost are equal is referred to as


A) tipping point.
B) profitability point.
C) incremental return on investment.
D) break-even point.
E) sustainability.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Target return-on-investment (ROI) is frequently used by


A) contractors.
B) public utilities.
C) business-to-business markets.
D) supermarkets.
E) small privately owned firms.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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  -Consider the flexible pricing chart above,which shows the results of a National Bureau of Economic Research study of 750,000 car purchases.The data indicate that some groups of car buyers,on average,paid roughly $105,$423,and $483 respectively,for a new car in the $21,000 range than the typical purchaser.Who are the car buyers in  B?  A) women B) the elderly C) Hispanics D) African Americans E) Asian Americans -Consider the flexible pricing chart above,which shows the results of a National Bureau of Economic Research study of 750,000 car purchases.The data indicate that some groups of car buyers,on average,paid roughly $105,$423,and $483 respectively,for a new car in the $21,000 range than the typical purchaser.Who are the car buyers in "B?"


A) women
B) the elderly
C) Hispanics
D) African Americans
E) Asian Americans

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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  UMD11: Price Premium Marketing Dashboard -The UMD11: Price Premium Marketing Dashboard above shows the dollar and unit market shares for selected energy drinks.What is the price premium for Red Bull in 2010? A) -12.5% B) -7.5% C) -5.3% D) 0% E) 15.2% UMD11: Price Premium Marketing Dashboard -The UMD11: Price Premium Marketing Dashboard above shows the dollar and unit market shares for selected energy drinks.What is the price premium for Red Bull in 2010?


A) -12.5%
B) -7.5%
C) -5.3%
D) 0%
E) 15.2%

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Forever Quilting is a small company that makes quilting kits priced at $120.The costs of the materials that go into each kit are $45.It costs $5 in labor to assemble a kit.The company has monthly expenses of $1,000 for rent and insurance,$200 for heat and electricity,$500 for advertising,and $4,500 for the monthly salary of its owner.Forever Quilting's unit variable cost for its kits is


A) $5.
B) $45.
C) $50.
D) $120.
E) $170.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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