Question 1

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-(1)  calcium absorption from intestine when vitamin D is present; (2)  calcium absorption from intestine when vitamin D is absent

Accepted Answer

A)  Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item.
B)  Choose this if the first item is less than the second item.
C)  Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 2

The major route of excretion for sodium ions (under normal conditions)  is the

Accepted Answer

A)   skin.
B)   kidney.
C)   GI tract.
D)   adrenal cortex.
E)   sweat.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

In which of the following situations does one see large volumes of dilute urine produced?

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH levels decrease
B)   renin levels increase
C)   aldosterone levels increase
D)   parathyroid hormone levels decrease
E)   ADH levels increaseF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following regulatory mechanisms would be stimulated as a result of the increased osmolality that results from a Na+ level of 152 mEq/L?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased urine output
B)   an increased release of ADH
C)   an increase in renin production
D)   an increase in the secretion of aldosterone
E)   a decreased release of ADHF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

One difference between the plasma and interstitial fluid is that the plasma has significantly more _____ than interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)   protein
B)   bicarbonate
C)   chloride
D)   water volume
E)   hydrogen ionsF) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following fluid compartments contains the largest volume of water?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasma
B)   interstitial compartment
C)   intracellular compartment
D)   extracellular compartment
E)   lymphF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Match the symptom with one of the causes.
-bradycardia

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperkalemia
B)  hypokalemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 8

Which of the following can play a role in buffering the pH of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)   ammonia
B)   bicarbonate ions
C)   phosphate ions
D)   ammonia and bicarbonate ions
E)   ammonia, bicarbonate ions and phosphate ionsF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-excessive vitamin D

Accepted Answer

A)  hypocalcemia
B)  hypercalcemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-decreased PTH secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  hypocalcemia
B)  hypercalcemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 11

The K+ level of 2.8 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. Low plasma K+ levels will cause

Accepted Answer

A)   thirst.
B)   muscle weakness.
C)   increased body temperature.
D)   tremors, tetany, and convulsions.
E)   paralysis.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-excessive PTH secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  hypocalcemia
B)  hypercalcemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 13

As a result of hyperventilation,

Accepted Answer

A)   the body pH decreases.
B)   the plasma PCO2 level decreases.
C)   the kidney will increase the rate of hydrogen ion excretion.
D)   more bicarbonate ions are added to the plasma.
E)   the plasma PCO2 level increases.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased secretion of calcium by the kidney.
B)   increased secretion of potassium by the kidney.
C)   decreased reabsorption of sodium by the kidney.
D)   increased reabsorption of phosphate ions by the kidney.
E)   decreased secretion of potassium by the kidney.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

In renal compensation of acidosis,

Accepted Answer

A)   H+ secretion decreases; bicarbonate excretion increases.
B)   H+ secretion decreases; bicarbonate reabsorption increases.
C)   H+ secretion increases; bicarbonate reabsorption increases.
D)   H+ secretion increases; bicarbonate excretion increases.
E)   H+ secretion decreases; bicarbonate excretion decreases.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

-The diagram illustrates the effect of BP on sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased BP
B)   increased renin secretion
C)   angiotensinogen
D)   angiotensin II
E)   increased sodium and water reabsorption results in increased BPF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

2 from lungs D)  capillary E)  decreased pH" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" >
-The diagram illustrates respiratory control of blood pH. What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory control centers in brainstem
B)   increased respiration and depth
C)   increased CO2 from lungs
D)   capillary
E)   decreased pHF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 18

Mr. I.M.A. Wreck's plasma pH is 7.2. Which of the following indicates that the body is attempting to compensate and return the body pH to normal?

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase in respiration rate
B)   a decrease in respiration rate
C)   no change in respiration rateD) A) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following terms does not belong with the other three?

Accepted Answer

A)   acidosis
B)   pH increases
C)   H+ ion concentration increases
D)   carbonic acid levels increase
E)   pH decreasesF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 20

What is the main role of magnesium ions in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle contraction
B)   nerve impulse
C)   blood clotting
D)   cofactors for intracellular enzymesE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 27: Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Which of the following fluid compartments contains the largest volume of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One difference between the plasma and interstitial fluid is that the plasma has significantly more _____ than interstitial fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The diagram illustrates respiratory control of blood pH. What does "A" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The K+ level of 2.8 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. Low plasma K+ levels will cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms does not belong with the other three?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In renal compensation of acidosis,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -excessive PTH secretion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following situations does one see large volumes of dilute urine produced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -decreased PTH secretion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -(1) calcium absorption from intestine when vitamin D is present; (2) calcium absorption from intestine when vitamin D is absent

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the symptom with one of the causes. -bradycardia

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major route of excretion for sodium ions (under normal conditions) is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regulatory mechanisms would be stimulated as a result of the increased osmolality that results from a Na+ level of 152 mEq/L?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of hyperventilation,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -excessive vitamin D

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr. I.M.A. Wreck's plasma pH is 7.2. Which of the following indicates that the body is attempting to compensate and return the body pH to normal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can play a role in buffering the pH of urine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main role of magnesium ions in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The diagram illustrates the effect of BP on sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys. What does "C" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The K⁺ level of 2.8 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. Low plasma K⁺ levels will cause

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