Question 1

Tubular secretion occurs in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus
B)   urethra
C)   renal pelvis
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   collecting ductF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Consumption of alcohol increases urine production by

Accepted Answer

A)   decreasing the blood pressure.
B)   causing retention of sodium ions.
C)   inhibiting the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary.
D)   stimulating the release of aldosterone from the adrenals.
E)   stimulating the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Match the result with the correct part of urine formation.
-rids body of excess H+

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration
B)  tubular reabsorption
C)  tubular secretionD) A) and B)
E) None of the above

Question 4

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   afferent arteriole
C)   glomerulus
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   Bowman's capsuleF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   afferent arteriole
C)   glomerulus
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   Bowman's capsuleF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 6

The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A)   is part of the filtration membrane.
B)   is called endothelium.
C)   contains podocytes.
D)   is part of the filtration membrane and is called endothelium.
E)   is part of the filtration membrane and contains podocytes.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure.
-ADH

Accepted Answer

A)  ↑ BP
B)  ↓ BPC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 8

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Accepted Answer

A)   tip of the loop of Henle.
B)   end of the collecting duct.
C)   end of the distal convoluted tubule.
D)   end of the proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Urine flows through the ureters to the bladder as the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   gravity.
B)   a pressure gradient.
C)   a concentration gradient.
D)   peristaltic contractions.
E)   osmotic gradient.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Match the hormone with the function.
-angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A)  increases water permeability in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
B)  affects Na+ and Cl- transport in the nephron and collecting duct
C)  causes production of Angiotensin II
D)  acts as a vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion
E)  produced by heart, inhibits ADH production, reduces ability of the kidney to concentrate urineF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following layers of the filtration membrane is closest to the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)   podocytes
B)   macula densa
C)   glomerular endothelium
D)   the basement membrane
E)   parietal layer of Bowman's capsuleF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Match the term with the appropriate definition.
-reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of blood flowing through kidneys per minute
B)  amount of plasma filtered through filtration membrane
C)  movement of plasma across filtration membrane
D)  movement of substances from filtrate back into blood
E)  non-reabsorbed filtrateF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   distal convoluted tubule
B)   collecting duct
C)   loop of Henle
D)   vasa recta
E)   proximal convoluted tubuleF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 14

Intense sympathetic stimulation of the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)   is necessary for normal kidney metabolism.
B)   causes the release of epinephrine from the kidney.
C)   decreases renal flow.
D)   increases filtration rate.
E)   does not alter filtration rate.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The active transport of substances into the...

Question 16

The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called

Accepted Answer

A)   fenestrae.
B)   gap junctions.
C)   filtration slits.
D)   macula densa.
E)   membrane channels.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-(1)  ADH secretion when blood osmolality is low; (2)  ADH secretion when blood osmolality is high

Accepted Answer

A)  Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item.
B)  Choose this if the first item is less than the second item.
C)  Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Question 18

One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

Accepted Answer

A)   there is a double set of venules.
B)   blood flows from arterioles into venules.
C)   blood flows from venules into arterioles.
D)   each nephron has at least two capillary networks.
E)   the nephron is only associated with the glomerulus.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

-What does "D" on the diagram represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   ureters
B)   urethra
C)   right and left kidneys
D)   adrenal glands
E)   urinary bladderF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   urine storage
B)   excretion of waste
C)   maintenance of fluid balance
D)   regulate synthesis of vitamin D
E)   regulate synthesis of RBCsF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 26: Urinary System

Tubular secretion occurs in which of the following structures?

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Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

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Intense sympathetic stimulation of the kidney

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-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "D" represent?

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The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

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Match the hormone with the function. -angiotensin II

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Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

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-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "B" represent?

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Which of the following layers of the filtration membrane is closest to the plasma?

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-What does "D" on the diagram represent?

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The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular __________.

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Use the following key to choose the best answer. -(1) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is low; (2) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is high

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The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called

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One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

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Consumption of alcohol increases urine production by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine flows through the ureters to the bladder as the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the result with the correct part of urine formation. -rids body of excess H+

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Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure. -ADH

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Match the term with the appropriate definition. -reabsorption

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Match the result with the correct part of urine formation. -rids body of excess H⁺

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