Question 1

Which of the following statements is true concerning the evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rather than eukaryotes evolving from prokaryotes, evidence suggests that both prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a precursor of these called the Last Common Ancestor.
B)   Studies suggest that eukaryotes evolved directly from prokaryotes
C)   Genetic evidence has shown that archaea were the precursor to prokaryotes, which in turn were the precursor to eukaryotes.
D)   Evolutionary biologists have shown that eukaryotes appeared first and led to the evolution of prokaryotic cells.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   septum
B)   rhizoid
C)   spore
D)   bud
E)   myceliumF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

After staining, the specimen is inspected. The laboratory technician identifies single-celled organisms that possess a nucleus, and many of them are undergoing the process of budding. Based on this finding, it is most likely that the patient is suffering from an infection caused by a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   helminth
B)   protozoan
C)   fungus
D)   bacterium
E)   Unable to determine with this informationF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

The RN explains the pinworm life cycle to the student's mother. Which of the following statements by the mother demonstrates a need for further education and reinforcement of the nurse's teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   Practicing good handwashing can prevent reinfection.
B)   Pinworm is transmitted through droplets in the air.
C)   Changing my daughter's underwear in the morning can prevent reinfection.
D)   Cleaning my daughter's toys will help stop the spread of pinworm.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary host
B)   Intermediate (secondary)  host
C)   Definitive host
D)   Transport host
E)   Mating takes place in all hosts.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   pseudohyphae
B)   septa
C)   molds
D)   dimorphic
E)   myceliumF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nucleus
B)   Mitochondria
C)   Endoplasmic reticulum
D)   Lysosomes
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 8

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)   Have cell walls
B)   Photosynthetic
C)   Include single-celled and filamentous forms
D)   Heterotrophic nutrition
E)   Can use a wide variety of nutrientsF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The public health information flyer explains that an amoeba is which type of microorganism?

Accepted Answer

A)   A prokaryotic alga
B)   A eukaryotic fungus
C)   A eukaryotic protozoan
D)   A prokaryotic bacteriumE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

A(n)  ________ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Accepted Answer

A)   perixosome
B)   lysosome
C)   magnetosome
D)   inclusion
E)   ribosomeF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mitochondria
B)   Lysosome
C)   Golgi apparatus
D)   Chloroplast
E)   Endoplasmic reticulumF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Which is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Giardia - causes intestinal distress; transmitted by feces in drinking water
B)   Histoplasma - fungus that causes Ohio Valley fever
C)   Trichomonas - sexually transmitted vaginal infection
D)   Plasmodium - protozoan that causes Chagas disease
E)   Naegleria - amoeba that causes brain infectionF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   motility
B)   ectoplasm and endoplasm
C)   heterotrophic nutrition
D)   formation of a cyst stage
E)   cell wallF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The long, threadlike branching cells of molds are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conidiophores
B)   pseudohyphae
C)   hyphae
D)   septate
E)   ascusF) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nuclear envelope
B)   nucleosome
C)   nucleolus
D)   nucleoplasm
E)   chromatinF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 18

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondria
B)   lysosome
C)   Golgi apparatus
D)   chloroplast
E)   endoplasmic reticulumF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

The best definition of endosymbiosis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   A photosynthetic bacterial cell and an aerobic bacterial cell fused to become a larger, eukaryotic cell
B)   A eukaryotic cell ingested a bacterial cell and the organelles fused producing a larger cell
C)   A pre-eukaryotic cell was infected by a prokaryote, and symbiosis between the two cell types gave rise to the modern-day eukaryotic cell
D)   A DNA virus, a bacteria and a photosynthetic prokaryote fused to form a nucleus, a chloroplast and a mitochondriaE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Eukaryotic cell membranes contain large lipid molecules called sterols, whereas prokaryotic membranes lack sterols. One argument supporting the presence of these sterols in eukaryotes is that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unlike prokaryotes, many eukaryotes lack the protection of a cell wall and therefore require sterols to add some strength and rigidity to the membrane
B)   eukaryotic nutrients are rich in sterols, which then become embedded in the membrane
C)   sterols are essential catalysts for the efficient functioning of the cell membrane
D)   sterols are necessary membrane molecules that mediate the transport of dissolved nutrients from the cell environment to the cytosolE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 4: Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic cell membranes contain large lipid molecules called sterols, whereas prokaryotic membranes lack sterols. One argument supporting the presence of these sterols in eukaryotes is that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After staining, the specimen is inspected. The laboratory technician identifies single-celled organisms that possess a nucleus, and many of them are undergoing the process of budding. Based on this finding, it is most likely that the patient is suffering from an infection caused by a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN explains the pinworm life cycle to the student's mother. Which of the following statements by the mother demonstrates a need for further education and reinforcement of the nurse's teaching?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) ________ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The public health information flyer explains that an amoeba is which type of microorganism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true concerning the evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The long, threadlike branching cells of molds are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best definition of endosymbiosis is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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