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A peril is


A) a moral hazard.
B) the cause of a loss.
C) a condition that increases the chance of a loss.
D) the probability that a loss will occur.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is a reason why premature death may result in economic insecurity? I.Additional expenses associated with death may be incurred. II.The income of the deceased person's family may be inadequate to meet its basic needs.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is (are) often consequences of long-term disability? I.Continuing medical expenses II.Loss or reduction of employee benefits


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The long-run relative frequency of an event based on the assumption of an infinite number of observations with no change in the underlying conditions is called


A) objective probability.
B) objective risk.
C) subjective probability.
D) subjective risk.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Williams Company installed smoke detectors,a sprinkler system,and fire extinguishers in its new manufacturing facility.These devices are all examples of


A) risk control.
B) noninsurance transfer.
C) risk avoidance.
D) risk retention.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Taylor Tobacco Company is concerned that the company may be held liable in a court of law and ordered to pay a large damage award to a smoker harmed by the company's cigarettes.The characteristics of the judicial system that increase the frequency and severity of loss are known as


A) moral hazard.
B) particular risk.
C) speculative risk.
D) legal hazard.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A special form of planned retention by which part or all of a give loss exposure is retained by the firm is called


A) hedging.
B) self-insurance.
C) passive retention.
D) noninsurance transfer.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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All of the following are examples of personal risks EXCEPT


A) poor health.
B) unemployment.
C) premature death.
D) loss of business income.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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One of the speculative financial risks considered in an enterprise risk management program is the risk of loss because of adverse changes in commodity prices,interest rates,foreign exchange rates,and the value of money.This risk is called


A) property risk.
B) financial risk.
C) strategic risk.
D) operational risk.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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A pure risk is defined as a situation in which there is


A) only the possibility of loss or no loss.
B) only the possibility of profit.
C) a possibility of neither profit nor loss.
D) a possibility of either profit or loss.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The use of fire-resistive materials when constructing a building is an example of


A) risk transfer.
B) risk control.
C) risk avoidance.
D) risk retention.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Janice mistakenly thought that Medicare covers the cost of a long-term care in a nursing home.So she did not purchase long-term care insurance or save in case she needed a long stay in a nursing home.Janice's treatment of the risk of a long-term stay in a nursing home is best described as


A) planned retention.
B) unplanned retention.
C) risk transfer.
D) risk control.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is an example of consequential (indirect) loss?


A) the theft of a person's jewelry
B) the destruction of a firm's manufacturing plant by an earthquake
C) the cost of renting a substitute vehicle while a collision-damaged car is being repaired
D) the vandalism of a person's automobile

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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ABC Insurance Company sells auto insurance in one state.Recently,the state legislature passed a law that limits the use of an individual's credit history by insurers when selecting applicants to insure.This change in law will increase the possibility of unprofitable results for ABC.This type of hazard is an example of


A) physical hazard.
B) legal hazard.
C) moral hazard.
D) attitudinal hazard.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A family's automobile that is a total loss as a result of a collision is an example of which of the following types of risk? I.Speculative risk II.Diversifiable risk


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Jim and Paula Franklin started a dry cleaning business.The business may be successful or it may fail.The type of risk that is present when either a profit or loss could occur is called


A) pure risk.
B) subjective risk.
C) nondiversifiable risk.
D) speculative risk.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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All of the following statements about risk retention are true EXCEPT


A) It may be used intentionally if commercial insurance is unavailable.
B) It may be used passively because of ignorance.
C) Its use is most appropriate for low-frequency,high-severity types of risks.
D) Its use results in cost savings if losses are less than the cost of insurance.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The premature death of an individual is an example of a


A) pure risk.
B) speculative risk.
C) nondiversifiable risk.
D) physical hazard.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A risk that affects only individuals or small groups and not the entire economy is called a


A) diversifiable risk.
B) pure risk.
C) speculative risk.
D) nondiversifiable risk.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following are personal risks that can cause great economic insecurity? I.Alcohol and drug addiction II.Inadequate retirement income


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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