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A curvature of the spine, known as ________ or "humpback," may occur in elderly patients due to degeneration of the spine from osteoporosis.

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An elevation in blood pressure over 140 systolic and 90 diastolic, with or without symptoms is called ________.

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Elderly patients commonly have involuntary leakage of urine, which is called urinary ________.

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Which of the following statements about cognitive-intellectual development in elderly patients is true?


A) Most people can no longer learn after the age of 60.
B) Long-term memory is often less acute than in younger people.
C) Mature adults process information more quickly than young adults.
D) Short-term memory seems to remain intact.
E) Accumulated information and life experiences make them great teachers.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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By the year 2030, medical assistants will be spending at least ____ percent of their time caring for older patients.


A) 5
B) 10
C) 25
D) 35
E) 50

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following conditions may cause increased thirst, increased urination, and fatigue?


A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Congestive heart failure
C) Diabetes mellitus type II
D) Hyperlipidemia
E) Osteoporosis

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following is the specific diagnostic test for depression?


A) Red blood cell count
B) X-ray of the brain
C) Urinalysis
D) Metabolic panel
E) There is no specific diagnostic test

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Because there is no cure for the brain disorder called ________ disease, the primary role of caregivers for elderly patients who have this disease is to provide comfort and safety to the patient.

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Signs of patient ________ may be the result of Alzheimer's disease, senility, depression, head injury, or misuse of medications or alcohol.

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When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, ____.


A) speak in higher tones to enhance understanding
B) make sure there is adequate lighting
C) speak in clear, low-pitched tones
D) position yourself to the side of the patient
E) shout so the patient can hear you clearly

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following conditions can be alleviated by encouraging elderly patients to eat more high-fiber foods and drink plenty of fluids?


A) Coronary artery disease
B) Constipation-diarrhea cycle
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Osteoporosis
E) Arthritis

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following treatments would be used for a patient who has congestive heart failure?


A) Surgical valve repair
B) Chemotherapy
C) Diuretics
D) High-fiber foods
E) Anti-inflammatories

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is a possible result of loss of adipose tissue and decreased circulation in an elderly patient?


A) Reduced perspiration
B) Heat intolerance
C) Cold intolerance
D) Atherosclerosis
E) Joint stiffness

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Mrs. Worth is a 79-year-old patient who is in good general health and whose mind is sharp and clear. She has mild arthritis and is a little unsteady on her feet, but she has no major medical issues. Her son has asked her to move in with him and his wife and kids, but she prefers to remain independent. Which of the following guidelines would not be appropriate to help Mrs. Worth live safely on her own?


A) Wear reading glasses while moving around the house
B) Use a cane or walker as necessary
C) Minimize clutter in the house
D) Use night-lights in the bedroom and bathroom
E) Wear shoes and slippers with non-slip soles

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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A condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy and opaque, called ________, can be corrected by surgery to replace the lens.

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