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In the context of employee motivation theories,Theory Z includes many elements associated with the _____ approach to management.


A) Chinese
B) American
C) European
D) Japanese
E) Hawthorne

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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D

What motivates employees to perform on the job is the focus of _____,which is the study of the behavior of individuals and groups in organizational settings.


A) work ethics
B) human resources
C) business strategies
D) human relations
E) organizational structure

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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A compressed workweek is most likely to:


A) add more tasks to a job instead of treating each task as separate.
B) reduce a company's operating expenses.
C) shorten working hours.
D) increase instances of virtual teams.
E) allow employees to move from one job to another.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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B

Which of the following relates to the work setting and not to the content of the work according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?


A) Wage
B) Achievement
C) Recognition
D) Responsibility
E) Advancement

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is true of motivation?


A) It is an external force that influences people.
B) A motivating goal is the difference between a desired state and an actual state.
C) Needs can be motivating.
D) Goals need to be set by an external agent to be motivating.
E) A motivating need is the satisfaction of some goal.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Rahul works as an assistant manager in a car manufacturing firm.He wishes to be promoted to the position of manager but feels that it is unlikely to happen.As a result,Rahul is not motivated to achieve the desired end.Which of the following theories best explains Rahul's situation?


A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Expectancy theory
D) Equity theory
E) Theory Z

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is likely to be a result of flextime schedules?


A) Increased communication between managers and employees
B) More commuter traffic and congestion
C) Increased physical activity and healthier sleep habits seen in employees
D) Greater supervision of individual tasks of employees
E) Increased turnover of employees who look for work-life balance

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is a view that a Theory X manager is likely to have but not a Theory Y manager?


A) The average person does not prioritize physiological needs.
B) The average person naturally dislikes work.
C) The average worker is more productive when given a certain amount of flexibility.
D) The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest.
E) People will exercise self-direction and self-control to achieve objectives to which they are committed.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is one of the important discoveries of the Hawthorne studies?


A) Money is the only motivator for high productivity.
B) Better physical conditions will improve employee productivity.
C) Supervisors who micromanage their employees stand a higher chance of motivating workforces.
D) Employees who are not motivated to work are unlikely to be motivated by any incentives related to work.
E) Managers who understand the needs,beliefs,and expectations of people have the greatest success in motivating their workers.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Kim,the sales manager at a retail store,is a supporter of micro-management tactics.She keeps a close watch on the members of her team to ensure that they do not slack work.Kim is most likely a manager who:


A) supports the Theory Y approach.
B) supports the Theory Z approach.
C) supports the Theory X approach.
D) supports the low power-distance environment.
E) ignores lower-order needs as suggested by Maslow and focuses on higher-order needs.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Allowing some employees to work at home part time is:


A) a type of job enrichment.
B) an example of job enlargement.
C) a flexible scheduling strategy.
D) likely to increase overhead costs for businesses.
E) ideal for all companies.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Graham,an employee at an architectural firm,is frustrated with his job as he is mostly involved in reproducing stock designs.He realizes the need for starting his own firm to exercise his creative streak.In the context of the motivation process,which step will immediately follow the need recognition step?


A) Need establishment
B) Goal directed behavior
C) Intrinsic reward
D) Morale boost
E) Satisfaction

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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The approach which suggests that imagination,ingenuity,and creativity can help solve organizational problems is:


A) Theory X.
B) Theory Y.
C) the equity theory.
D) the behavior modification theory.
E) the expectancy theory.

F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

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McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to:


A) the traditional view of management.
B) the humanistic view of management.
C) Herzberg's hygiene factors.
D) Herzberg's motivational factors.
E) the equity theory.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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What did the Hawthorne Studies reveal?


A) That money is the only motivator for productivity
B) That better physical conditions will improve employee productivity
C) That supervisors should view employees as unmotivated individuals
D) That social and psychological factors influence workers' behavior
E) That nothing will motivate an employee who is not motivated to work

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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D

Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with:


A) Frederick Taylor.
B) Frederick Herzberg.
C) Douglas McGregor.
D) Elton Mayo.
E) William Ouchi.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Vixen works in a soap manufacturing company.He is paid a fixed amount for every unit he manufactures at the factory.He is paid higher rates for exceeding his set target.The payment system in this scenario is an example of the:


A) barter system.
B) piece-rate system.
C) bonus system.
D) over-time system.
E) hourly-payment system.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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According to Herzberg's two-factor theory,the absence of which of the following factors may be a potential source of dissatisfaction and high turnover?


A) Achievement
B) Recognition
C) Involvement
D) Security
E) Responsibility

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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What is an advantage of job enrichment?


A) It creates opportunities for specialized jobs.
B) It allows employees to choose their starting and ending times.
C) It treats each task performed by an employee as separate.
D) It enhances a worker's feeling of responsibility.
E) It enables employees to share jobs.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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According to Maslow,living life to the fullest is most closely associated with fulfilling the _____.


A) biological needs
B) self-actualization needs
C) security needs
D) social needs
E) physiological needs

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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