Question 1

Both herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus have multiple mechanisms to suppress both cellular antiviral pathways as well as allow latently infected cells to hide from the adaptive immune system.Describe two of these mechanisms used by either virus.

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus: Virion host shut-off factor - degrades RNAs that encode proteins involved in the interferon pathway.ICP27 - inhibits splicing of cellular mRNA,limiting cellular antiviral effects.ICP47 - binds to the transporter of antigenic peptides (TAP1/TAP2)and blocks translocation of peptides into the ER and prevents their presentation on MHC I of infected cells.ICP34.5 - binds to protein phosphatase 1a and redirects it to remove the phosphate added to eIF-2$\alpha$,which is part of the anti-viral effects of the interferon induced PKR kinase.ICP0 - leads to the degradation of several components of the ND10 sites,including PML.Without PML,cells can not respond appropriately to exogenous interferon.Multiple viral genes that block cellular apoptosis pathway.Epstein-Barr virus: The EBV encoded RNAs (EBERs)bind and inhibit the interferon induced PKR kinase.Micro-RNAs - target multiple cellular proteins involved in the cellular immune response as well as the adaptive immune response.

Question 2

Which of the following describes the function of the  α\alphaα -TIF/VP16 protein from herpes simplex virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It shuts off expression of cellular proteins.
B)  It activates transcription of immediate-early genes.
C)  It uncoats the viral DNA at the nuclear pore.
D)  It represses transcription of immediate-early genes.
E)  It is required for the transition between a and b gene expression. F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following characteristics of the virion of herpesviruses is atypical of most enveloped viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is an amorphous protein layer between the capsid and envelope.
B)  The capsid is composed of both a major and a minor protein.
C)  The envelope contains multiple glycoproteins.
D)  The capsid has icosahedral structure.
E)  The DNA is packaged through a portal protein.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is a disease NOT caused by a member of the herpesvirus family?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cold sores.
B)  Chickenpox
C)  Common cold.
D)  Encephalitis.
E)  Hepatitis.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Herpesviruses hardly ever cause serious or fatal infections,even in patients with reduced immune function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 6

What is unusual about the structure of the genome of herpes simplex virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a covalently closed circle.
B)  It has two unique sequences flanked by inverted repeats
C)  It has one long unique sequence flanked by terminal repeats.
D)  It is linear with a terminal protein bound to each of the 5' ends.
E)  It consists of two DNA segments.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Explain the three models proposed for how newly assembled herpesvirus nucleocapsids exit the nucleus and acquire the tegument and envelope/

Accepted Answer

Model #1 suggests that the tegument and ...

Question 8

The symptoms of mononucleosis,which include an enlarged spleen and fatigue,are caused by the expansion of infected B lymphocytes soon after primary infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following events during assembly of herpesvirus virions causes the scaffolding proteins to be ejected from the capsid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conformational change that seals the capsid.
B)  Cleavage of the scaffolding proteins by a cellular protease.
C)  Acquisition of the tegument around the capsid.
D)  Insertion of the portal protein into one of the 12 vertices.
E)  Packaging of the viral DNA into the capsid.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) maintains a latent infection in neurons while Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) maintains latency in B lymphocytes.While EBV maintains a low level of viral DNA replication,HSV does not replicate its genome at all during latency.Which of the following explains this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  B lymphocytes degrade some of the EBV genomes.
B)  Neurons are a non-dividing cell type while B cells still divide.
C)  HSV integrates its genome into the host cell genome while EBV does not.
D)  Neurons replicate much more quickly than B cells.
E)  Neurons live for the life of the host and never die.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

The EBER RNAs encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus are synthesizes by RNA polymerase III.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

From an evolutionary perspective,herpesviruses have been very successful pathogens in the human population since they are so widely distributed and only cause severe disease in rare circumstances.Describe some of the biological characteristics of herpesviruses that have allowed them to be so successful.

Accepted Answer

Herpesviruses have co-evolved with their...

Question 13

Both HSV and EBV,which are members of the herpesvirus family,have mechanisms that prevent the immune system from recognizing and killing infected cells.Which of the following explains why this is important?

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpesviruses are maintained in the host for life in a latent infection.
B)  Herpesviruses are very sensitive to the effects of the immune system.
C)  Herpesviruses are rarely transmitted to new hosts.
D)  Herpesviruses infect cells that are components of the immune system.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Describe what happens during a primary infection with herpes simplex virus I (HSVI),how the virus enters into latency,and then how the virus can be reactivated back to a lytic infection.Your answer should focus on the cell types affected by each stage of the infection.

Accepted Answer

When HSVI initiates a primary infection ...

Question 15

A few of the latency-associated transcripts (LATs) from herpes simplex virus have an unusual structure.Which of the following describes how they are unusual?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are covalently closed circular RNA.
B)  They have a high degree of secondary structure.
C)  They have two separate open reading frames.
D)  They represent a stable intron lariats.
E)  They form double-stranded RNA with the ICP0 mRNA.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 16

In addition to encoding enzymes and proteins directly involved in replicating the viral genome,herpes simplex virus also encodes thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase,which are absolutely required for infection of neurons.Which of the following explains what role these proteins play?

Accepted Answer

A)  They phosphorylate cellular proteins,which force the neuron into S phase.
B)  They increase the pool of nucleotide triphosphates required for DNA replication.
C)  They phosphorylate the tegument proteins before they are packaged into the virion.
D)  They cleave the concatemers of the viral DNA as they are being packaged into capsids.
E)  They help assemble the DNA replication complex on the viral origin.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following two herpesviruses have been associated with human cancers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpes simplex 1 and 2
B)  Herpes simplex 1 and varicella-zoster virus.
C)  Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus.
D)  Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposis' sarcoma virus
E)  Human herpesvirus virus 6 and 7.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

During one round of infection with the herpes simplex virus,all four isoforms of the viral genome are produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following describes the distinguishing features of the three types of latency exhibited by the Epstein-Barr virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whether the viral DNA is integrated into the host chromosome or not.
B)  The number of copies of the viral genome maintained.
C)  The type of envelope glycoproteins on the cell surface.
D)  The cell types that are latently infected.
E)  The number and type of EBNA and LMP genes expressed.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following viral glycoproteins from herpes simplex virus are involved with fusion of the envelope with the cellular plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  gH and gL
B)  gB
C)  gC
D)  gD
E)  All of the above.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D) A

Exam 24: Herpesviruses

Both herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus have multiple mechanisms to suppress both cellular antiviral pathways as well as allow latently infected cells to hide from the adaptive immune system.Describe two of these mechanisms used by either virus.

Which of the following describes the function of the $\alpha$ -TIF/VP16 protein from herpes simplex virus?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following characteristics of the virion of herpesviruses is atypical of most enveloped viruses?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a disease NOT caused by a member of the herpesvirus family?

Correct Answer
verified

Herpesviruses hardly ever cause serious or fatal infections,even in patients with reduced immune function.

Correct Answer
verified
False

What is unusual about the structure of the genome of herpes simplex virus?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the three models proposed for how newly assembled herpesvirus nucleocapsids exit the nucleus and acquire the tegument and envelope/

Correct Answer
verified
Model #1 suggests that the tegument and ...
View Answer

The symptoms of mononucleosis,which include an enlarged spleen and fatigue,are caused by the expansion of infected B lymphocytes soon after primary infection.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following events during assembly of herpesvirus virions causes the scaffolding proteins to be ejected from the capsid?

Correct Answer
verified

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) maintains a latent infection in neurons while Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) maintains latency in B lymphocytes.While EBV maintains a low level of viral DNA replication,HSV does not replicate its genome at all during latency.Which of the following explains this difference?

Correct Answer
verified

The EBER RNAs encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus are synthesizes by RNA polymerase III.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Herpesviruses have co-evolved with their...
View Answer

Both HSV and EBV,which are members of the herpesvirus family,have mechanisms that prevent the immune system from recognizing and killing infected cells.Which of the following explains why this is important?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe what happens during a primary infection with herpes simplex virus I (HSVI),how the virus enters into latency,and then how the virus can be reactivated back to a lytic infection.Your answer should focus on the cell types affected by each stage of the infection.

Correct Answer
verified
When HSVI initiates a primary infection ...
View Answer

A few of the latency-associated transcripts (LATs) from herpes simplex virus have an unusual structure.Which of the following describes how they are unusual?

Correct Answer
verified

In addition to encoding enzymes and proteins directly involved in replicating the viral genome,herpes simplex virus also encodes thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase,which are absolutely required for infection of neurons.Which of the following explains what role these proteins play?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following two herpesviruses have been associated with human cancers?

Correct Answer
verified

During one round of infection with the herpes simplex virus,all four isoforms of the viral genome are produced.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describes the distinguishing features of the three types of latency exhibited by the Epstein-Barr virus?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following viral glycoproteins from herpes simplex virus are involved with fusion of the envelope with the cellular plasma membrane?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 24: Herpesviruses

Both herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus have multiple mechanisms to suppress both cellular antiviral pathways as well as allow latently infected cells to hide from the adaptive immune system.Describe two of these mechanisms used by either virus.

Which of the following describes the function of the α\alphaα -TIF/VP16 protein from herpes simplex virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics of the virion of herpesviruses is atypical of most enveloped viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a disease NOT caused by a member of the herpesvirus family?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Herpesviruses hardly ever cause serious or fatal infections,even in patients with reduced immune function.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

What is unusual about the structure of the genome of herpes simplex virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the three models proposed for how newly assembled herpesvirus nucleocapsids exit the nucleus and acquire the tegument and envelope/

Correct AnswerverifiedModel #1 suggests that the tegument and ...View AnswerShow Answer

The symptoms of mononucleosis,which include an enlarged spleen and fatigue,are caused by the expansion of infected B lymphocytes soon after primary infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following events during assembly of herpesvirus virions causes the scaffolding proteins to be ejected from the capsid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) maintains a latent infection in neurons while Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) maintains latency in B lymphocytes.While EBV maintains a low level of viral DNA replication,HSV does not replicate its genome at all during latency.Which of the following explains this difference?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The EBER RNAs encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus are synthesizes by RNA polymerase III.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedHerpesviruses have co-evolved with their...View AnswerShow Answer

Both HSV and EBV,which are members of the herpesvirus family,have mechanisms that prevent the immune system from recognizing and killing infected cells.Which of the following explains why this is important?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe what happens during a primary infection with herpes simplex virus I (HSVI),how the virus enters into latency,and then how the virus can be reactivated back to a lytic infection.Your answer should focus on the cell types affected by each stage of the infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen HSVI initiates a primary infection ...View AnswerShow Answer

A few of the latency-associated transcripts (LATs) from herpes simplex virus have an unusual structure.Which of the following describes how they are unusual?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to encoding enzymes and proteins directly involved in replicating the viral genome,herpes simplex virus also encodes thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase,which are absolutely required for infection of neurons.Which of the following explains what role these proteins play?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following two herpesviruses have been associated with human cancers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During one round of infection with the herpes simplex virus,all four isoforms of the viral genome are produced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes the distinguishing features of the three types of latency exhibited by the Epstein-Barr virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following viral glycoproteins from herpes simplex virus are involved with fusion of the envelope with the cellular plasma membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following describes the function of the $\alpha$ -TIF/VP16 protein from herpes simplex virus?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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False

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Model #1 suggests that the tegument and ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Herpesviruses have co-evolved with their...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
When HSVI initiates a primary infection ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A