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The nominal interest rate is 9 percent in Brazil and 6 percent in Japan. Applying the international Fisher effect, the Brazilian real should


A) appreciate by 3 percent against the Japanese yen.
B) depreciate by 3 percent against the Japanese yen.
C) appreciate by 1.5 percent against the Japanese yen.
D) depreciate by 1.5 percent against the Japanese yen.
E) appreciate by 15 percent against the Japanese yen.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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One way a business can deal with nonconvertibility of a currency is to engage in


A) price discrimination.
B) countertrade.
C) arbitrage.
D) price skimming.
E) currency speculation.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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If a basket of goods costs $100 in the United States and €120 in Europe, what would the purchasing power parity theory's prediction of the dollar/euro exchange rate be?


A) $1 = €1.20
B) $1 = €1
C) $1 = €0.80
D) $1 = €0.90
E) $1 = €1.10

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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According to the Fisher effect, if the "real" rate of interest in a country is 3 percent and the expected annual inflation is 8 percent, what would the "nominal" interest rate be?


A) 5.5 percent
B) 11 percent
C) 9 percent
D) 24 percent
E) 2.25 percent

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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In countries where inflation is expected to be high, interest rates also will be high, because investors want compensation for the decline in the value of their money. This relationship is referred to as the


A) purchasing power parity puzzle.
B) lead strategy.
C) Fisher effect.
D) bandwagon effect.
E) international Fisher effect.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Leading and lagging strategies involve accelerating payments from weak-currency to strong-currency countries and delaying inflows from strong-currency to weak-currency countries.

A) True
B) False

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The spot exchange rate is the rate at which the foreign exchange dealer will convert one currency into another on a particular day.

A) True
B) False

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Why do governments limit convertibility of their currency?


A) to encourage foreign investments
B) to control currency appreciation
C) to encourage capital flight
D) to preserve their foreign exchange reserves
E) to promote neo-mercantilism

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Assume that the yen/dollar exchange rate quoted in Tokyo at 5 p.m. is ¥120 = $1, and the New York yen/dollar exchange rate at the same time (noon New York time) is ¥123 = $1. What action should a broker take to yield immediate profit?


A) forward exchange
B) carry trade
C) currency swap
D) arbitrage
E) currency speculation

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Explain how investor psychology and bandwagon effects impact the movement in exchange rates.

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Empirical evidence suggests that neither...

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Assume that a Big Mac costs $4.93 in the United States and that the Brazilian real is undervalued by 23 percent. According to the Big Mac Index published by The Economist, a Big Mac would


A) cost a bit more in Brazil than in the United States.
B) cost less in Brazil than in the United States.
C) cost the same in both countries.
D) would cost twice as much in Brazil.
E) would cost less than half of the United States price in Brazil.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Describe the Fisher effect.

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Economic theory tells us that interest r...

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Jin-Lo is investing money for his company. He notices that the interest rate on borrowing in Jakarta is 2 percent and the interest rate on bank deposits in Warsaw is 7.5 percent. In this situation, a carry trade would occur when Jin-Lo


A) borrows money in Warsaw currency, converts it into Jakarta currency, and deposits it in a Jakarta bank.
B) borrows money in Jakarta currency and invests in stocks with good growth potential in Jakarta.
C) borrows money in Jakarta currency, converts it into Warsaw currency, and deposits it in a Warsaw bank.
D) invests in bank deposits of Warsaw and reinvests the earnings in Jakarta.
E) invests in bank deposits of Jakarta and reinvests the earnings in Warsaw.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Explain when a business would use countertrade. Provide an example.

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Companies can deal with the nonconvertib...

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The yen/dollar exchange rate is ¥120 = $1 in London and ¥123 = $1 in New York at the same time. What is the net profit if a dealer takes $1,000,000 to purchase ¥123,000,000 in New York and engages in arbitrage by selling it in London?


A) $34,000
B) $20,390
C) $25,000
D) $46,666
E) $39,454

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Briefly describe the tactics and strategies that organizations should use to minimize foreign exchange exposure.

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A firm needs to develop a mechanism for ...

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A company's translation exposure is based on the


A) long-run effect of changes in exchange rates on future prices, sales, and costs.
B) impact of currency exchange rate changes on the reported financial statements of a company.
C) extent to which a firm's future international earning power is affected by changes in exchange rates.
D) extent to which the income from individual transactions is affected by fluctuations in foreign exchange values.
E) obligations for the purchase or sale of goods and services at previously agreed prices.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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________ refers to the extent to which the income from individual transactions is affected by fluctuations in foreign exchange values.


A) Translation exposure
B) Economic exposure
C) Purchasing power parity
D) Transaction exposure
E) Forward exchange rate

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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How are spot exchange rates determined?


A) using historical average prices of different currencies
B) the interaction between demand and supply of a currency relative to other currencies
C) taking the average of a basket of currencies
D) by government decree
E) predicting future currency movements in nonmember countries

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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How is a currency classified if only nonresidents may convert it into a foreign currency without any limitations?


A) externally convertible
B) nonconvertible
C) leading
D) freely convertible
E) lagging

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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