Question 1

Which of the following mechanisms explains why fluoride is effective in controlling tooth decay?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps regulate calcium levels in saliva
B)  It helps form decay-resistant fluorapatite
C)  It inhibits growth of decay-producing bacteria
D)  It changes the pH of the mouth,inhibiting bacterial growthE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transferrin
B)  Myoglobin
C)  Hemoglobin
D)  CytochromeE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Approximately how many people worldwide are thought to be affected by iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 million
B)  100 million
C)  1.6 billion
D)  3.5 billionE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

What is the chief transport substance for zinc in the circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albumin
B)  Metallothionein
C)  Carbonic anhydrase
D)  High-density lipoproteinsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT among the conditions associated with zinc deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Altered taste
B)  Kidney failure
C)  Abnormal night vision
D)  Poor healing of woundsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What is a glucose tolerance factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  A protein that stimulates glycolysis
B)  A mineral cofactor for a specific enzyme
C)  A hormone that enhances pancreatic function
D)  A small organic compound that promotes the action of insulinE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Lycopene is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  lignan.
B)  carotenoid.
C)  phytoestrogen.
D)  enzyme cofactor.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

What is the primary function of the thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precursors for hemoglobin synthesis
B)  Counteract a deficiency of goitrogens
C)  Control the rate of oxygen use by cells
D)  Regulate acetylcholine concentrations in the central nervous systemE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following characteristics is shared by zinc and iron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Good food sources include dairy products
B)  Proteins in the blood are needed for their transport
C)  Severe deficiencies lead to delay in the onset of puberty
D)  Doses of 10 times the RDA may cause death in childrenE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

As far as is known,what hormone is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renin
B)  Gastrin
C)  Insulin
D)  Antidiurectic hormoneE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

What is the most common genetic disorder in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keshan disease
B)  Menkes disease
C)  Hemochromatosis
D)  Microcytic hypochromic anemiaE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Commercially available zinc-containing lozenges are advertised as being effective against

Accepted Answer

A)  fatigue.
B)  vitamin A toxicity.
C)  the common cold.
D)  slowing of the BMR.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

One of the chief functions of chromium is participation in the metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)  iron.
B)  proteins.
C)  carbohydrates.
D)  metallothionein.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is a common side effect from taking iron supplements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Itching
B)  Diarrhea
C)  Constipation
D)  Black tongueE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following characteristics is shared by iron and zinc?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither functions in the maintenance of blood glucose
B)  Neither is circulated from the pancreas to the intestines and back to the pancreas
C)  Both are absorbed into intestinal mucosal cells and bound to metallothionein for transport first to the liver
D)  Both are absorbed into intestinal epithelial cells but may then be lost by normal villus cell renewal processesE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following minerals is a cofactor in the formation of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iodine
B)  Copper
C)  Sodium
D)  CalciumE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following population groups is least susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Older infants
B)  Children 2-10 years of age
C)  Women of childbearing age
D)  Men 20-45 years of ageE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics shared by iron and zinc?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absorption is inhibited by fiber
B)  Absorption is inhibited by cow's milk
C)  Transport in the blood is primarily handled by albumin
D)  Absorption rises with increased needs of the bodyE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption when consumed in the same meal?

Accepted Answer

A)  It activates transferrin
B)  It keeps iron in the reduced ferrous form
C)  It releases iron from the proteins in the stomach
D)  It complexes with iron and promotes mucosal transportE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of iron absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  MPF in plant foods enhances overall iron absorption
B)  Ferritin in red meat interferes with ferrous iron absorption
C)  Absorption of heme iron is about 50% higher than nonheme iron
D)  Transferrin released from pancreatic juice regulates iron uptake from mucosal cellsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 13: The Trace Minerals

As far as is known,what hormone is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the chief functions of chromium is participation in the metabolism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately how many people worldwide are thought to be affected by iron-deficiency anemia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following population groups is least susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lycopene is classified as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of iron absorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Commercially available zinc-containing lozenges are advertised as being effective against

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics is shared by iron and zinc?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption when consumed in the same meal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most common genetic disorder in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mechanisms explains why fluoride is effective in controlling tooth decay?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics is shared by zinc and iron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a glucose tolerance factor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a common side effect from taking iron supplements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary function of the thyroid hormones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following minerals is a cofactor in the formation of hemoglobin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the chief transport substance for zinc in the circulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT among the conditions associated with zinc deficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics shared by iron and zinc?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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