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Exam 25: Population Genetics

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Question 31

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If there are two alleles, A and a, in a population and the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which frequency of A would produce the greatest frequency of heterozygotes?

A) 0.1
B) 0.25
C) 0.5
D) 0.75
E) 1

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following does NOT bring about evolution in a population?

A) small population size
B) migration of individuals from a population with a different genetic structure
C) mutation
D) selection
E) random mating

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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When considering the gene pool of a population, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium may apply to:

You are studying a very large population of crocodiles on the Nile River in Africa and have identified a newly arisen (by mutation) allele at the C locus. The initial allelic frequency of the mutant allele c is 0.01. You have also determined that the allele acts additively. On a moonless night, you genotype nesting females and count the number of eggs they lay. You find that, on average, CC females produce 98 eggs, Cc females produce 99 eggs, and cc females produce 100 eggs. In this species of crocodile, all eggs hatch and survive to maturity. a. Will the c allele increase, decrease, or stay the same in the next generation? b. Will you likely be able to observe the change in the allelic frequency over the next couple of generations? Why? c. In the long run, what will happen to the frequencies of the C and c alleles in this population?

_____ has the effect of homogenizing allelic frequencies among populations.

You are studying cannibals in Borneo and collect the following data with the two co-dominant M and N blood type alleles (L^M, L^N) segregating at the single-gene locus. What are the genotypic and allelic frequencies for this population? $\begin{array}{lllc}&&&\underline{ Phenotypes }\\\text { M } & \text { MN } &N& \text { Total \# genotypes } \\287 & 665 & 123 & 1075\end{array}$

When an allele has a frequency of 1.0 in a population, it is _____ in the population.

You are studying cannibals in Borneo and want to determine if a specific village population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to the two co-dominant M and N blood type alleles (L^M, L^N) segregating at the single-gene locus. The following are sample data from this population of the cannibals: $\begin{array}{lllc}&&&\underline{ Phenotypes }\\\text { M } & \text { MN } &N& \text { Total \# genotypes } \\287 & 665 & 123 & 1075\end{array}$ a. Calculate the genotypic frequencies. b. Calculate frequencies for the L^M and L^N alleles. c. Determine whether this population of Borneo cannibals is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

A population that goes through a dramatic reduction in size will experience:

The frequency of q in population 1 is 0.8 and the frequency of q in population 2 is 0.3. If the migration rate from population into population 2 is 0.2, what will be the frequency of q in population in the next generation?

If the frequency of a recessive disease causing allele (q) is 0.005, what is the frequency of individuals with the disease in a population with an inbreeding coefficient of 0.25?

The only way for evolution to take place is if there is _____ within a population.

Huntington's disease is caused by a single dominant allele and results in progressive mental and neurological damage. The disease usually becomes symptomatic when a person is between 30 and 50 years old and the patient usually dies within 15 years of diagnosis. Approximately 1 in 25,000 Caucasians have this disease. Huntington's disease has not been associated with any other disease, now or in the past. Why might natural selection not have eliminated such a deleterious gene from the population?

Differential reproduction of genotypes leads to evolution via what process?

The _____ is all of the genetic information within a Mendelian population.

_____ is the movement of genes between populations.

The A¹ allele mutates into the A² allele at a rate of 4 × 10^-5 and the A² allele mutates into the A¹ allele at a rate of 1 × 10^-5. Assuming no other evolutionary forces are at work, the frequency of the A² allele will eventually be:

A Mendelian population is defined by individuals that are:

The evolutionary force of _____ tends to increase genetic variation within a population but decrease genetic variation between populations, while the evolutionary force of _____ tends to decrease genetic variation within a population but increase genetic variation among populations.

_____ occurs when one allele or trait is favored over another.