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Table 18-B Consider the following daily production data for MadeFromScratch, Inc. MadeFromScratch sells cupcakes for $3 each and pays the workers a wage of $325 per day. Table 18-B Consider the following daily production data for MadeFromScratch, Inc. MadeFromScratch sells cupcakes for $3 each and pays the workers a wage of $325 per day.   -Refer to Table 18-11. What is the fourth worker's marginal product of labor? A) 120 cupcakes B) 140 cupcakes C) 160 cupcakes D) 180 cupcakes -Refer to Table 18-11. What is the fourth worker's marginal product of labor?


A) 120 cupcakes
B) 140 cupcakes
C) 160 cupcakes
D) 180 cupcakes

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Scenario 18-1 Harry owns a snow-removal business. He hires workers to shovel driveways for him during the winter. The first worker he hires can shovel twelve driveways in one day. When Harry hires two workers, they can shovel a total of 22 driveways in one day. When Harry hires a third worker, he shovels an additional eight driveways in one day. -Refer to Scenario 18-1. What is the marginal productivity of the second worker?


A) 7
B) 10
C) 12
D) 22

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The purchase price of capital is


A) the value of the capital to the firm.
B) always less than the rental price.
C) the price received from the flow of some capital services.
D) the price a person pays to own that factor of production indefinitely.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Suppose that a rare virus infects and kills a significant percentage of the population. Assuming that land and labor are complements in a farming production function, what would happen to the wages earned by workers and the rents earned by landowners?


A) Both wages and rents would increase.
B) Both wages and rents would decrease.
C) Wages would increase, and rents would decrease.
D) Wages would decrease, and rents would increase.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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How does increased immigration affect the labor market? How would the equilibrium wage and the equilibrium quantity of labor be affected?

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Increased immigration increase...

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The factors of production are best defined as the


A) output produced from raw materials.
B) inputs used to produce goods and services.
C) wages paid to the workforce.
D) goods and services sold in the market.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Suppose that a toxic waste spill renders half of the land in New Jersey uninhabitable. Assuming that land and labor are complements in the production function, what would happen to the wages earned by workers and rents earned by landowners?


A) Both wages and rents would increase.
B) Both wages and rents would decrease.
C) Wages would increase, and rents would decrease.
D) Wages would decrease, and rents would increase.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Table 18-12 The table displays data for a small, competitive, profit-maximizing firm that produces and sells envelopes. The time frame is one week. Table 18-12 The table displays data for a small, competitive, profit-maximizing firm that produces and sells envelopes. The time frame is one week.   -Refer to Table 18-12. If the value of the marginal product of the first worker hired is $938, then how many workers does the firm employ? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 -Refer to Table 18-12. If the value of the marginal product of the first worker hired is $938, then how many workers does the firm employ?


A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Sally runs a hair styling salon. Sally is a profit-maximizing owner whose firm operates in a competitive market. The marginal cost of a haircut is $15. What is the maximum wage that Sally will pay her stylists?


A) less than $15 per haircut
B) $15 per haircut
C) more than $15 haircut
D) There is insufficient information to answer this question.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Scenario 18-3 Sam has two jobs, one for the winter and one for the summer. In the winter, he works as a lift attendant at a ski resort where he earns $13 per hour. During the summer, he drives a tour bus around the ski resort, earning $11 per hour. -Refer to Scenario 18-3. If Sam takes fewer hours of leisure in the summer than in the winter, we can assume that his labor supply curve for the range of earnings in this example


A) is horizontal.
B) is vertical.
C) is upward sloping.
D) has a backward-bending portion.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Figure 18-7 Figure 18-7   -Refer to Figure 18-7. When the relevant labor supply curve is S<sub>1</sub>, and the labor market is in equilibrium, the A) wage is W<sub>1</sub>. B) opportunity cost of leisure to workers is W<sub>1</sub>. C) value of the marginal product of labor to firms is W<sub>1</sub>. D) All of the above are correct. -Refer to Figure 18-7. When the relevant labor supply curve is S1, and the labor market is in equilibrium, the


A) wage is W1.
B) opportunity cost of leisure to workers is W1.
C) value of the marginal product of labor to firms is W1.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Table 18-12 The table displays data for a small, competitive, profit-maximizing firm that produces and sells envelopes. The time frame is one week. Table 18-12 The table displays data for a small, competitive, profit-maximizing firm that produces and sells envelopes. The time frame is one week.   -Refer to Table 18-12. Let Q represent the number of boxes of envelopes produced per week. Which of the following points is not a point on this firm's production function? A) (L = 2, Q = 240) . B) (L = 3, Q = 332) . C) (L = 4, Q = 408) . D) (L = 5, Q = 494) . -Refer to Table 18-12. Let Q represent the number of boxes of envelopes produced per week. Which of the following points is not a point on this firm's production function?


A) (L = 2, Q = 240) .
B) (L = 3, Q = 332) .
C) (L = 4, Q = 408) .
D) (L = 5, Q = 494) .

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Because of diminishing returns, a factor in relatively low supply has a


A) low marginal product and a low rental price.
B) low marginal product and a high rental price.
C) high marginal product and a low rental price.
D) high marginal product and a high rental price.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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If the value of the marginal product of labor is less than the wage, then the firm could


A) increase profit by hiring additional labor.
B) increase profit by reducing the amount of labor hired.
C) increase revenue by lowering output.
D) reduce total cost by hiring additional workers.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The rental price of capital is the price a person pays to own the capital indefinitely.

A) True
B) False

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Consider the market for capital equipment. Suppose the value of the marginal product of capital equipment increases. Holding all else constant, the equilibrium rental price of capital equipment will


A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) not change.
D) It is not possible to determine what will happen to the equilibrium rental price of capital equipment.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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When an individual's income goes up, that individual may choose to supply less labor, resulting in a backward-sloping labor supply curve.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following would shift a market labor supply curve to the right?


A) an increase in the price of output
B) an increase in immigration
C) a labor-saving technological change
D) a decrease in the wage rate

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) An increase in the supply of other factors, such as capital, will increase the demand for labor.
B) Labor-saving technology will increase the demand for labor.
C) Labor-augmenting technology will decrease the demand for labor.
D) A decrease in the price of output will increase the demand for labor.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Suppose a shift of the demand curve for strawberry pickers causes the equilibrium wage of strawberry pickers to increase by $2. The price of strawberries is $3 per pound before and after the shift. Does the shift increase the marginal product of the last picker hired, or does it decrease it? What is the amount of the increase or decrease?

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In equilibrium, blured image , s...

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