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As a chemical reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, the free energy of the system decreases.

A) True
B) False

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The entropy of one mole of oxygen gas in a 0.5-L container is less than it would be in a 22.4-L container at the same temperature.

A) True
B) False

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A sample of water is heated at a constant pressure of one atmosphere. Initially, the sample is ice at 260 K, and at the end the sample consists of steam at 400 K. In which of the following 5 K temperature intervals would there be the greatest increase in the entropy of the sample?


A) from 260 K to 265 K
B) from 275 K to 280 K
C) from 360 K to 365 K
D) 370 K to 375 K
E) from 395 K to 400 K

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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In order for a process to be spontaneous,


A) the entropy of the system must increase.
B) the entropy of the surroundings must increase.
C) the entropy of the universe must decrease.
D) the entropy of the surroundings must decrease.
E) the entropy change of the surroundings plus the entropy change of the system must be positive.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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The second law of thermodynamics tells us that


A) the entropy of the universe is constant.
B) entropy is neither created nor destroyed.
C) the universe proceeds towards a state of lower entropy.
D) the universe proceeds towards a state of higher entropy.
E) the universe cannot create entropy.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which relationship or statement best describes Δ\Delta S °\degree for the following reaction? Which relationship or statement best describes \Delta S \degree for the following reaction? A) ( \Delta S \degree\approx 0) B) ( \Delta S \degree < 0) C) ( \Delta S \degree > 0) D) ( \Delta S \degree = \Delta H \degree /T) E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.


A) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree≈\approx 0)
B) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree < 0)
C) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree > 0)
D) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree = Δ\Delta H °\degree /T)
E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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For a process with Δ\Delta S < 0, which one of the following statements is correct?


A) The process will definitely be spontaneous if Δ\Delta H < 0.
B) The process will be definitely be spontaneous if Δ\Delta H < T Δ\Delta S.
C) The process can never be spontaneous.
D) The process will definitely be spontaneous, regardless of Δ\Delta H.
E) The process will definitely be spontaneous if Δ\Delta Ssurr > 0.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Hydrogen sulfide decomposes according to the following reaction: Hydrogen sulfide decomposes according to the following reaction: For this reaction at 298 K, \Delta S \degree = 78.1 J/K, \Delta H \degree = 169.4 kJ, and \Delta G \degree = 146.1 kJ. What is the value of \Delta G \degree at 900 K? A) -69,881 kJ B) 48.4 kJ C) 99.1 kJ D) 240 kJ E) 441 kJ For this reaction at 298 K, Δ\Delta S °\degree = 78.1 J/K, Δ\Delta H °\degree = 169.4 kJ, and Δ\Delta G °\degree = 146.1 kJ. What is the value of Δ\Delta G °\degree at 900 K?


A) -69,881 kJ
B) 48.4 kJ
C) 99.1 kJ
D) 240 kJ
E) 441 kJ

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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Which relationship or statement best describes Δ\Delta S °\degree for the following reaction? Which relationship or statement best describes \Delta S \degree for the following reaction? A) ( \Delta S \degree\approx 0 B) ( \Delta S \degree < 0) C) ( \Delta S \degree > 0) D) ( \Delta S \degree = \Delta H \degree /T) E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.


A) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree≈\approx 0
B) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree < 0)
C) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree > 0)
D) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree = Δ\Delta H °\degree /T)
E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which one of the following changes of state increases the entropy of the system?


A) condensation
B) cooling a gas
C) freezing
D) crystallization
E) sublimation

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following should have the greatest molar entropy at 298 K?


A) CH4(g)
B) H2O(l)
C) NaCl(s)
D) N2O4(g)
E) H2(g)

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling point of hydrogen peroxide.

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The term "microstate" refers to the energy state of a single molecule in a system of many molecules.

A) True
B) False

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For a reaction at equilibrium, Δ\Delta Suniv = 0.

A) True
B) False

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The water-gas shift reaction plays an important role in the production of clean fuel from coal.

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Which relationship or statement best describes Δ\Delta S °\degree for the following reaction? Which relationship or statement best describes \Delta S \degree for the following reaction? A) ( \Delta S \degree\approx 0) B) ( \Delta S \degree < 0) C) ( \Delta S \degree > 0) D) ( \Delta S \degree = \Delta H \degree /T) E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.


A) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree≈\approx 0)
B) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree < 0)
C) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree > 0)
D) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree = Δ\Delta H °\degree /T)
E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Use the thermodynamic data at 298 K below to determine the Ksp for barium carbonate, BaCO3 at this temperature. Use the thermodynamic data at 298 K below to determine the K<sub>sp</sub> for barium carbonate, BaCO<sub>3</sub> at this temperature. A) 5.86 B) 6.30 * 10<sup>8</sup> C) 1.59 * 10¯<sup>9</sup> D) 5.47 * 10¯<sup>21</sup> E) 2.18 * 10¯<sup>27</sup>


A) 5.86
B) 6.30 * 108
C) 1.59 * 10¯9
D) 5.47 * 10¯21
E) 2.18 * 10¯27

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The higher the pressure of a gas sample, the greater is its entropy.

A) True
B) False

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Calculate Δ\Delta G °\degree for the reaction of ammonia with fluorine. Calculate \Delta G \degree for the reaction of ammonia with fluorine. A) 179.1 kJ B) -179.1 kJ C) 1539.7 kJ D) -1539.7 kJ E) None of these choices is correct. Calculate \Delta G \degree for the reaction of ammonia with fluorine. A) 179.1 kJ B) -179.1 kJ C) 1539.7 kJ D) -1539.7 kJ E) None of these choices is correct.


A) 179.1 kJ
B) -179.1 kJ
C) 1539.7 kJ
D) -1539.7 kJ
E) None of these choices is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Which relationship or statement best describes Δ\Delta S °\degree for the following reaction? Which relationship or statement best describes \Delta S \degree for the following reaction? A) ( \Delta S \degree F \approx 0) B) ( \Delta S \degree < 0) C) ( \Delta S \degree > 0) D) ( \Delta S \degree = \Delta H \degree /T) E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.


A) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree F ≈\approx 0)
B) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree < 0)
C) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree > 0)
D) ( Δ\Delta S °\degree = Δ\Delta H °\degree /T)
E) More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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