Question 1

Sympathetic effects tend to last than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that .

Accepted Answer

A)  shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
B)  longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
C)  about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters
D)  shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E)  
E)  longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO) F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B)  sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C)  sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D)  sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E)  sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → glandF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes.These are all reasons for this except

Accepted Answer

A)  effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated
B)  effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons
C)  effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses
D)  some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated
E)  effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cordF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine (noradrenaline) .
B)  dopamine.
C)  endorphins.
D)  acetylcholine (ACh) .
E)  epinephrine (adrenaline) .F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are and secrete .

Accepted Answer

A)  myelinated; norepinephrine (N
E)  
B)  myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
C)  myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)  and norepinephrine(N
E)  
D)  unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)  unmyelinated; norepinephrine(N
E)  F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

nerve(s)  pass(es)  throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

Accepted Answer

A)  Facial
B)  Trigeminal
C)  Vagus
D)  Celiac
E)  SplanchnicF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia)  is found at the levels of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical and thoracic
B)  thoracic and lumbar
C)  thoracic, lumbar and sacral
D)  sacral, lumbar and coccygeal
E)  cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygealF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter .

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
B)  postganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
C)  preganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
D)  postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)  somatic; norepinephrine (N
E)  F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in
the periphery.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Sympathetic fibers do not release

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine.
B)  nitric oxide (NO) .
C)  substance P.
D)  neuropeptide Y.
E)  norepinephrine.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

These are all features of the sympathetic division except

Accepted Answer

A)  it originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord.
B)  it has long postganglionic fibers.
C)  it has long preganglionic fibers.
D)  its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column.
E)  it has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  no
B)  one
C)  two
D)  three
E)  fourF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Damage to the may affect near vision accommodation.

Accepted Answer

A)  celiac ganglion
B)  oculomotor nerve (CN III) 
C)  facial nerve (CN VII) 
D)  glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 
E)  cardiac plexusF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

The binding of to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will it.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine; excite
B)  norepinephrine; excite
C)  monoamine oxidase; inhibit
D)  acetylcholine; inhibit
E)  acetylcholinesterase; exciteF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
B)  postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
C)  postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division
D)  all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
E)  preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic divisionF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Damage to the may affect near vision accommodation.

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Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

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The binding of to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will it.

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Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

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Sympathetic fibers do not release

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympathetic effects tend to last than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

nerve(s) pass(es) throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) is found at the levels of the spinal cord.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter .

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These are all features of the sympathetic division except

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Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes.These are all reasons for this except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves neurons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly

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The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in the periphery.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are and secrete .

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Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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