Question 1

Which of the following is a function of the intestinal microvilli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretion of bile salts
B)  Secretion of digestive acid
C)  Transport of nutrient molecules
D)  Transport of pancreatic enzymesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The maintenance of the body's constant internal conditions is guided by the principle known as

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis.
B)  bios systems.
C)  central control.
D)  hormone balance.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The lower esophageal sphincter is also known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  reflux restrainer.
B)  cardiac sphincter.
C)  perihepatic control valve.
D)  reverse peristalsis inhibitor.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What is the lumen of the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  The epiglottis
B)  The capillaries
C)  The inner space
D)  The mucosal surfaceE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretes acid into the stomach
B)  Secretes hormones into the stomach
C)  Prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach
D)  Prevents the contents of the small intestine from emptying too quickly into the colonE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

A)  It carries fats away from the intestines
B)  It contains a fluid with a composition similar to pancreatic fluid
C)  It circulates via a one-way pump at the junction to the subclavian vein
D)  It serves to transport fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins to the vascular systemE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

To assist the process of digestion and absorption, it is usually best to

Accepted Answer

A)  eat several snacks per day so the system is not overwhelmed.
B)  combine different food types to enhance the absorption process.
C)  avoid eating meat and fruit at the same meal to prevent competition.
D)  take enzyme pills or powder periodically so the system can rest and rejuvenate.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

All of the following are common causes of heartburn except

Accepted Answer

A)  eating too slowly.
B)  drinking too much.
C)  wearing tight clothes.
D)  bending over after a meal.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following regulates the pH of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastrin
B)  Insulin
C)  Secretin
D)  CholecystokininE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

All of the following are major causes of ulcer formation except

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial infection.
B)  excessive use of antacids.
C)  excessive gastric acid secretion.
D)  use of certain anti-inflammatory medicines.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is a common cause of constipation?

Accepted Answer

A)  High-fat diet
B)  High-carbohydrate diet
C)  Lack of physical activity
D)  Excessive mineral oil intakeE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The primary treatment for ulcer caused by the presence of H.pylori is

Accepted Answer

A)  fiber.
B)  surgery.
C)  antacids.
D)  antibiotics.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

The hepatic portal vein empties into the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver.
B)  heart.
C)  pancreas.
D)  hepatic vein.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

What is umami?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flavor of monosodium glutamate
B)  The opening between the duodenum and jejunum
C)  The intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes fish proteins
D)  An intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes dietary nucleic acidsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

The food flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate is believed by some scientists to promote a unique taste sensation known as

Accepted Answer

A)  sushi.
B)  umami.
C)  chymos.
D)  sashimi.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

What is the primary role of the normal, thriving intestinal bacterial population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Helps degrade meat and dairy proteins
B)  Helps prevent infectious bacteria from attacking the system
C)  Synthesizes vitamin D, which can be absorbed into the body
D)  Synthesizes several amino acids which can be absorbed into the bodyE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Microorganisms in food that are viable when consumed and that are beneficial to health are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  probiotics.
B)  prebiotics.
C)  postbiotics.
D)  zymobiotics.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

What is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crypt
B)  Villus
C)  Microvillus
D)  MacrovillusE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

Why is there little or no digestion of starch in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucus inhibits starch breakdown
B)  Stomach enzymes are dysfunctional
C)  Starch should not be eaten with protein
D)  Salivary enzymes do not work in an acid environmentE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

A person on a low-fiber diet is at increased risk for experiencing elevated rectal vein pressure leading to formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  reflux.
B)  hiccups.
C)  hemorrhoids.
D)  peptic ulcers.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

All of the following are common causes of heartburn except

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A person on a low-fiber diet is at increased risk for experiencing elevated rectal vein pressure leading to formation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary treatment for ulcer caused by the presence of H.pylori is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a function of the intestinal microvilli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is umami?

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Why is there little or no digestion of starch in the stomach?

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The maintenance of the body's constant internal conditions is guided by the principle known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lower esophageal sphincter is also known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assist the process of digestion and absorption, it is usually best to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The food flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate is believed by some scientists to promote a unique taste sensation known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are major causes of ulcer formation except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a common cause of constipation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microorganisms in food that are viable when consumed and that are beneficial to health are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary role of the normal, thriving intestinal bacterial population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hepatic portal vein empties into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of the lymphatic system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regulates the pH of the stomach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

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What is the lumen of the GI tract?

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