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Exam 3: Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

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Question 21

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Balance the following equation for the combustion of benzene: C₆H₆(l) + O₂(g) → H₂O(g) + CO₂(g)

A) C ₆H ₆( l) + 9O ₂( g) → 3H ₂O( g) + 6CO ₂( g)
B) C ₆H ₆( l) + 9O ₂( g) → 6H ₂O( g) + 6CO ₂( g)
C) 2C ₆H ₆(l) + 15O ₂(g) → 6H ₂O(g) + 12CO ₂( g)
D) C ₆H ₆( l) + 15O ₂( g) → 3H ₂O( g) + 6CO ₂( g)
E) 2C ₆H ₆( l) + 9O ₂( g) → 6H ₂O( g) + 12CO ₂( g)

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Question 22

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Phosphorus pentachloride, PCl₅, a white solid that has a pungent, unpleasant odor, is used as a catalyst for certain organic reactions. Calculate the number of moles in 38.7 g of PCl₅.

A) 5.38 mol
B) 3.55 mol
C) 0.583 mol
D) 0.282 mol
E) 0.186 mol

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Question 23

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Potassium chlorate (used in fireworks, flares, and safety matches) forms oxygen and potassium chloride when heated. KClO₃(s) → KCl(s) + O₂(g) [unbalanced] How many grams of oxygen are formed when 26.4 g of potassium chlorate is heated?

Household sugar, sucrose, has the molecular formula C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. What is the percent of carbon in sucrose, by mass?

Constitutional (structural) isomers have the same empirical formula but different molecular formulas.

Balance the following equation: C₈H₁₈O₃(l) + O₂(g) → H₂O(g) + CO₂(g)

Hydroxylamine nitrate contains 29.17 mass % N, 4.20 mass % H, and 66.63 mass % O. Determine its empirical formula.

Constitutional (structural) isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

In a blast furnace, elemental iron is produced from a mixture of coke (C) , iron ore (Fe₃O₄) , and other reactants. An important reaction sequence is 2C(s) + O₂(g) → 2CO(g) Fe₃O₄(s) + 4CO(g) → 3Fe(l) + 4CO₂(g) How many moles of iron can be formed in this sequence when 1.00 mol of carbon, as coke, is consumed?

Potassium chloride is used as a substitute for sodium chloride for individuals with high blood pressure. Identify the limiting reactant and determine the mass of the excess reactant remaining when 7.00 g of chlorine gas reacts with 5.00 g of potassium to form potassium chloride.

The formula CH₃O_0.5 is an example of an empirical formula.

One mole of methane (CH₄) contains a total of 3 × 10²⁴ atoms.

Gadolinium oxide, a colorless powder which absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, contains 86.76 mass % Gd. Determine its empirical formula.

In a correctly balanced equation, the number of reactant molecules must equal the number of product molecules. A)118.15 g/mol B)99.15 g/mol C)78.07 g/mol D)59.08 g/mol E)50.01 g/mol

Lead(II) sulfide was once used in glazing earthenware. It will also react with hydrogen peroxide to form lead(II) sulfate and water. How many grams of hydrogen peroxide are needed to react completely with 265 g of lead(II) sulfide?

A compound of bromine and fluorine is used to make UF₆, which is an important chemical in processing and reprocessing of nuclear fuel. The compound contains 58.37 mass percent bromine. Determine its empirical formula.

Lead (II) nitrate is a poisonous substance which has been used in the manufacture of special explosives and as a sensitizer in photography. Calculate the mass of lead in 139 g of Pb(NO₃) ₂.

In combustion analysis, the carbon and hydrogen contents of a substance are determined from the CO₂ and H₂O, respectively, which are collected in the absorbers.

Methanol (CH₄O) is converted to bromomethane (CH₃Br) as follows: CH₄O + HBr → CH₃Br + H₂O If 12.23 g of bromomethane are produced when 5.00 g of methanol is reacted with excess HBr, what is the percentage yield?

A compound containing chromium and silicon contains 73.52 mass percent chromium. Determine its empirical formula.