Question 1

Match the following terms with their appropriate definition or description.
-Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Accepted Answer

A)  Needing more of a substance to achieve the desired effect (e.g., intoxication)  or experiencing diminished effects of a given amount of a substance after repeated use.
B)  An enzyme used in alcohol (ethanol)  metabolism that converts alcohol into acetaldehyde.
C)  Any pattern of alcohol consumption in excess of 4 drinks in 1 day or 14 drinks per week for men or 3 drinks in 1 day or 7 drinks per week for women.
D)  A psychiatric disorder characterized by a problematic pattern of alcohol use that leads to significant impairment or distress.
E)  For men, consuming no more than 4 drinks in 1 day AND no more than 14 drinks per week; for women, consuming no more than 3 drinks in 1 day AND no more than 7 drinks per week.F) An enzyme used in ethanol metabolism that eventually converts acetaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water.G) Drinking sufficient alcohol within a 2-hour period to increase blood alcohol content to 0.08 grams per deciliter or higher; for men, consuming 5 or more drinks in a row; for women, consuming 4 or more drinks in a row.H) A loss of functioning liver cells, which are replaced by nonfunctioning connective tissue.I) Physical symptoms related to cessation of substance use, such as sweating, rapid pulse, shakiness, insomnia, nausea and vomiting, anxiety, and even seizures.J) All of the above
K) G) and I)

Question 2

Long-term aspirin use by an elderly person could increase the need for what nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium
B)   Potassium
C)   Thiamin
D)   IronE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is true about aging?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aging is a disease.
B)   Mathematical models have been designed that are very predictive of the aging process.
C)   The rate of aging is based on genetics and no amount of modifiable lifestyle behaviors can alter it.
D)   Development of chronic disease is not an inevitable consequence of aging.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Glycosylation

Accepted Answer

A)  Substance found in high amounts in fish that may enhance mental function and reduce depression
B)  Delay of onset of disabilities caused by chronic diseases
C)  Tendency for efficient use of energy that predisposes a person to weight gain
D)  The average length of life for a given group of people born in a specific year
E)  Loss of muscle massF) Process by which glucose attaches to and damages proteins.G) This hormone circulates at high concentrations in young men but falls during agingH) The extent to which an organ can preserve essentially normal function despite decreasing cell number or cell activityI) The potential oldest age a person can reachJ) B) and I)
K) B) and D)

Question 5

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Testosterone

Accepted Answer

A)  Substance found in high amounts in fish that may enhance mental function and reduce depression
B)  Delay of onset of disabilities caused by chronic diseases
C)  Tendency for efficient use of energy that predisposes a person to weight gain
D)  The average length of life for a given group of people born in a specific year
E)  Loss of muscle massF) Process by which glucose attaches to and damages proteins.G) This hormone circulates at high concentrations in young men but falls during agingH) The extent to which an organ can preserve essentially normal function despite decreasing cell number or cell activityI) The potential oldest age a person can reachJ) E) and H)
K) A) and F)

Question 6

A loss of muscle mass accompanied by gains in fat mass is called

Accepted Answer

A)   sarcopenic obesity.
B)   cachexia.
C)   visceral obesity.
D)   hypertrophy.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above A

Question 7

The decrease in lean tissue that occurs with aging can be reduced by

Accepted Answer

A)   taking amino acid supplements.
B)   engaging in physical activity that includes resistance exercise.
C)   eating an abundance of calories.
D)   drinking enough water.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Match the following alcoholic beverages with their standard drink sizes.
-Malt liquor

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 fluid ounces
B)  12 fluid ounces
C)  8 to 9 fluid ounces
D)  5 fluid ouncesE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans provide guidelines specifically for older adults. Which of the following is not one of these guidelines?

Accepted Answer

A)   All adults should engage in moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week, vigorous-intensity aerobic activity for 75 minutes per week, or an equivalent combination of the two.
B)   To maintain lean tissue and basal metabolic rate, strength training should be performed 5 to 7 times per week.
C)   For those over age 65 who are at risk for falling, exercises that improve balance are recommended.
D)   Stretching each major muscle group should accompany aerobic or strength training at least 2 days per week.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

About ________ percent of older adults regularly take several medications every day.

Accepted Answer

A)   25
B)   35
C)   50
D)   65E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Omega-3 fatty acids are involved in biochemical pathways that ________ inflammation and are associated with a reduction in depression.

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease
B)   increase
C)   do not changeD) All of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 12

A genetic tendency toward efficient use of energy that results in below-average energy requirements and increased storage of calories as fat is called

Accepted Answer

A)   thrifty metabolism.
B)   energy reserve.
C)   homeostasis.
D)   thrifty reserve.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Consuming adequate amounts of protein and ________ helps maximize the health of the immune system in elderly individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)   selenium
B)   copper
C)   calcium
D)   zincE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Regular physical activity along with adequate intakes of fluid and fiber are lifestyle strategies to prevent or treat

Accepted Answer

A)   constipation.
B)   diarrhea.
C)   gallstones.
D)   osteoarthritis.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D) A

Question 15

Bud has trouble with his dentures that results in chewing difficulties. Which of the following foods would be most appropriate to help meet his nutritional needs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Toast
B)   Clear bouillon
C)   Sirloin steak
D)   Low-fat yogurtE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

The disease characterized by fatty infiltration of the liver and replacement of functioning liver cells with fibrous connective tissue is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   cirrhosis.
B)   liver cancer.
C)   hepatitis.
D)   Crohn's disease.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Reserve capacity

Accepted Answer

A)  Substance found in high amounts in fish that may enhance mental function and reduce depression
B)  Delay of onset of disabilities caused by chronic diseases
C)  Tendency for efficient use of energy that predisposes a person to weight gain
D)  The average length of life for a given group of people born in a specific year
E)  Loss of muscle massF) Process by which glucose attaches to and damages proteins.G) This hormone circulates at high concentrations in young men but falls during agingH) The extent to which an organ can preserve essentially normal function despite decreasing cell number or cell activityI) The potential oldest age a person can reachJ) A) and H)
K) C) and F)

Question 18

Striving to live the greatest number of healthy years and the fewest number of ill years is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   reserve capacity.
B)   compression of morbidity.
C)   maintaining homeostasis.
D)   usual aging.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Declining function of the ________ system directly affects an older adult's ability to shop for, prepare, and consume foods at home.

Accepted Answer

A)   nervous
B)   immune
C)   endocrine
D)   reproductiveE) A) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 20

Which of the following is true about thirst among the elderly?

Accepted Answer

A)   Elderly individuals can easily become dehydrated and this can cause confusion.
B)   Elderly people rarely become dehydrated because their sense of thirst is enhanced with aging.
C)   About six cups of fluid per day is the goal for elderly people.
D)   Diuretics do not affect an elderly person's fluid requirement.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 16: Nutrition During Adulthood

Match the following terms with their appropriate definition or description. -Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term aspirin use by an elderly person could increase the need for what nutrient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about aging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Glycosylation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Testosterone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A loss of muscle mass accompanied by gains in fat mass is called

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The decrease in lean tissue that occurs with aging can be reduced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following alcoholic beverages with their standard drink sizes. -Malt liquor

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans provide guidelines specifically for older adults. Which of the following is not one of these guidelines?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About ________ percent of older adults regularly take several medications every day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Omega-3 fatty acids are involved in biochemical pathways that ________ inflammation and are associated with a reduction in depression.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A genetic tendency toward efficient use of energy that results in below-average energy requirements and increased storage of calories as fat is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consuming adequate amounts of protein and ________ helps maximize the health of the immune system in elderly individuals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regular physical activity along with adequate intakes of fluid and fiber are lifestyle strategies to prevent or treat

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Bud has trouble with his dentures that results in chewing difficulties. Which of the following foods would be most appropriate to help meet his nutritional needs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disease characterized by fatty infiltration of the liver and replacement of functioning liver cells with fibrous connective tissue is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Reserve capacity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Striving to live the greatest number of healthy years and the fewest number of ill years is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Declining function of the ________ system directly affects an older adult's ability to shop for, prepare, and consume foods at home.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is true about thirst among the elderly?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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