Question 1

When undergoing strength training, the number of _____ in each _____ undergoes a/an ___.

Accepted Answer

A)   myofibrils, muscle fiber, decrease
B)   myofibrils, muscle fiber, increase
C)   sarcomeres, myofibril, decrease
D)   muscle fibers, muscle, increase
E)   motor units, muscle, increaseF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

The thin filament contains _____ molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)   actin
B)   myosin
C)   troponin
D)   tropomyosin
E)   All of the choices are correct except myosinF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

The streamlined shape of the dolphin, seal, and other swimming animals is most important for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)   reducing drag from the water they must swim through
B)   overcoming the forces of gravity acting on the animal
C)   reducing the density of the water they must swim through
D)   maintaining a low speed in the dense medium
E)   All of the choices for this question are correctF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following groups of vertebrates lacks bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   ray-finned fishes
B)   sharks
C)   amphibians
D)   reptiles
E)   birdsF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

When Ron Evans generated transgenic mice in which the gene PPAR-delta was constituitively active (i.e., always expressed) , he found that these mice showed a shift from fast glycolytic fibers to slow oxidative fibers. One consequence of this change was that the transgenic mice

Accepted Answer

A)   showed greater endurance in a running test.
B)   showed less endurance in a running test.
C)   had leg muscles with lower mitochondrial and capillary densities than wild-type (nontransgenic)  mice.
D)   were more likely to become obese than wild-type (nontransgenic)  mice.
E)   had muscles that were not as red as those of wild-type (nontransgenic)  mice.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) A

Question 6

When a person "works out"with weights, their muscles typically grow. This growth is due to increases in the number of myofibrils within their muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Flying animals tend to be smaller than non-flying animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the primary function of the transverse tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conduct action potentials from the surface of the muscle fiber to internal regions near myofibrils.
B)   Act as a channel for Ca2+ ions during excitation-contraction coupling.
C)   Form cross-bridges between actin and myosin during muscle contraction.
D)   Attach troponin to tropomyosin.
E)   Attach muscle fibers to skeletal elements to exert force.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D) A

Question 9

Which of the following is an important function of The Vertebrate Skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   support and locomotion
B)   blood formation
C)   calcium homeostasis
D)   protection of soft tissues such as the brain
E)   All of the choices for this question are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following is a component of the human axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   sternum (breastbone) 
B)   vertebral column
C)   hips
D)   humerus (upper arm bone) 
E)   the sternum and vertebral columnF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

A scientist looking through a microscope at a piece of shoulder muscle would see which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

A)   striated with unbranched fibers
B)   striated with branched fibers
C)   nonstriated with unbranched fibers
D)   nonstriated with branched fibers
E)   None of the answers for this question are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

In order for something to be considered a skeleton, it must contain bone or some other hard substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In which of the following animals would you NOT find an endoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   starfish
B)   sea sponge
C)   crocodile
D)   shark
E)   beetleF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

When Ron Evans generated transgenic mice in which the gene PPAR-delta was constituitively active (i.e., always expressed), he found that these mice showed a shift from fast glycolytic fibers to slow oxidative fibers. Based on this, you would also predict faster sprint speeds in the transgenic mice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Endoskeletons may be involved in directly protecting the body surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The disease osteoporosis involves loss of both mineral and organic components from bones. Which of the following can contribute to the development of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   prolonged disuse of muscles
B)   decline in estrogen following menopause in women
C)   lack of calcium in the diet
D)   lack of vitamin D in the diet
E)   All of the choices for this question are correctF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Hydrostatic skeletons are normally used for movement by all of the following animals EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   annelids.
B)   cnidarians.
C)   crustaceans.
D)   nematodes.
E)   earthworms.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Muscle samples are taken from two groups of men. One group performs regular intense aerobic exercise. The second group is sedentary and does not exercise. When you compare their muscle samples at the microscopic level, you expect to find that the exercising men show increases in

Accepted Answer

A)   Golgi apparatus.
B)   capillary density.
C)   smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D)   mitochondria.
E)   mitochondria and capillary density.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

When an organism dies, its muscles remain in a contracted state termed rigor mortis for a brief period of time. Which of the following most directly contributes to this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   no ATP to move cross-bridges
B)   no ATP to break cross-bridges between thick and thin filaments
C)   no calcium to bind to troponin
D)   no oxygen supplied to muscle
E)   no energy for the synthesis of actin and myosinF) B) and D)
G) A) and D) B

Question 20

A skeleton that relies on muscular force exerted against water is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   a hydrostatic skeleton.
B)   an endoskeleton.
C)   an exoskeleton.
D)   an ectoskeleton.
E)   a hygroscopic skeleton.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Exam 44: The Muscular-Skeletal System and Locomotion

When undergoing strength training, the number of _____ in each _____ undergoes a/an ___.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thin filament contains _____ molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The streamlined shape of the dolphin, seal, and other swimming animals is most important for which of the following reasons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups of vertebrates lacks bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Ron Evans generated transgenic mice in which the gene PPAR-delta was constituitively active (i.e., always expressed) , he found that these mice showed a shift from fast glycolytic fibers to slow oxidative fibers. One consequence of this change was that the transgenic mice

Correct AnswerverifiedA

When a person "works out"with weights, their muscles typically grow. This growth is due to increases in the number of myofibrils within their muscle fibers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flying animals tend to be smaller than non-flying animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary function of the transverse tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is an important function of The Vertebrate Skeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a component of the human axial skeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A scientist looking through a microscope at a piece of shoulder muscle would see which of the following features?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for something to be considered a skeleton, it must contain bone or some other hard substance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following animals would you NOT find an endoskeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Ron Evans generated transgenic mice in which the gene PPAR-delta was constituitively active (i.e., always expressed), he found that these mice showed a shift from fast glycolytic fibers to slow oxidative fibers. Based on this, you would also predict faster sprint speeds in the transgenic mice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endoskeletons may be involved in directly protecting the body surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disease osteoporosis involves loss of both mineral and organic components from bones. Which of the following can contribute to the development of osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrostatic skeletons are normally used for movement by all of the following animals EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muscle samples are taken from two groups of men. One group performs regular intense aerobic exercise. The second group is sedentary and does not exercise. When you compare their muscle samples at the microscopic level, you expect to find that the exercising men show increases in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an organism dies, its muscles remain in a contracted state termed rigor mortis for a brief period of time. Which of the following most directly contributes to this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A skeleton that relies on muscular force exerted against water is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When undergoing strength training, the number of ___ in each _ undergoes a/an _.

Correct Answer
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A

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A

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B

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