Question 1

A new plant species is introduced to Daphne Major and produces small, thin seeds. This plant species is highly adapted to drought and after 5 years has replaced over 80% of the native plants that produce large seeds. How will this change affect the evolution of beak size in the medium ground finch population?

Accepted Answer

A)   Large beaks will be favored in wet years and small beaks will be favored in dry years.
B)   Large beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions.
C)   Small beaks will be favored in wet years and large beaks will be favored in dry years.
D)   Small beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

The figure below shows results of bristle number in Drosophila flies after 35 generations of artificial selection.  This figure suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   bristle number has evolved beyond the original range of phenotypic variation for this trait.
B)   after 35 generations of selection, populations no longer exhibit variation in bristle number.
C)   natural selection cannot lead to large phenotypic changes.
D)   at the end of the experiment, "high population" flies were unable to interbreed with "low population" flies.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

During development in the mother's uterus, human embryos have pharyngeal pouches (sometimes called gill slits)  that later develop into various glands. Fish also have pharyngeal pouches as embryos, but these develop into gills. The best explanation for why human and fish embryos develop pharyngeal pouches is

Accepted Answer

A)   humans and fish share a common ancestor that had gills.
B)   human embryos need gill slits to breathe in the uterus.
C)   humans and fish both develop pharyngeal pouches by random chance.
D)   fish evolved from humans.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

A new plant species is introduced to Daphne Major and produces small, thin seeds. This plant species is highly adapted to drought and after 5 years has replaced over 80% of the native plants that produce large seeds. How will this change affect the evolution of beak size in the medium ground finch population?

Accepted Answer

A)   Considerable variation existed in the beak size and shape of this finch.
B)   The medium ground finch showed assortative mating according to beak size and shape.
C)   Beak shape (depth)  varied with the dryness of the year.
D)   Offspring were similar to parents in beak size and shape.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) A, C, D

Question 5

In a hypothetical study, equal numbers of marked dark and light moths are released in polluted and unpolluted woodlands and recaptured 10 days later. According to the industrial melanism hypothesis, which of the following results is unexpected?

Accepted Answer

A)   More marked dark moths should be recaptured in polluted woodlands than in unpolluted woodlands.
B)   Fewer marked light moths should be recaptured in polluted woodlands than in unpolluted woodlands.
C)   Fewer marked dark moths should be recaptured in unpolluted woodlands than in polluted woodlands.
D)   More marked light moths should be recaptured in unpolluted woodlands than in polluted woodlands.
E)   Fewer unmarked dark moths should be captured in polluted woodlands than unmarked light moths.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Domestication of dogs has led to

Accepted Answer

A)   a variety of phenotypes.
B)   different species.
C)   reproductively isolated breeds.
D)   convergent evolution.
E)   a variety of vestigial structures.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Flamingo beaks are upside down, forcing them to feed by putting their heads upside down in the water. The beak of a flamingo is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Structures that are not ideally suited to their purpose.
B)   Vestigial structures.
C)   Extinct structures.
D)   Homologous structures.
E)   Structures that follow a common developmental pattern.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

The size and shape of a finch's beak correlates with it's ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   choice of mates
B)   choice of food
C)   habitat
D)   sizeE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which aspect(s)  of natural selection is(are)  illustrated by the figure below (21.2b) ? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Variation must exist in the population.
B)   Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation.
C)   Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success.
D)   More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D) A, B

Question 10

Radioactive isotopes are used in dating materials from the distant past. Which of the following statements about radioactive dating techniques is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   It gives the general ages of rock strata. ( million years) .
B)   It gives exact ages of rock strata. ( 1 year) .
C)   It uses a technique in which the degree of radioactive decay is measured, the younger the rock the more radioactive decay.
D)   It uses a technique in which the degree of radioactive decay is measured, the older the rock the more radioactive decay.
E)   It does not work well with fossil remains that have not absorbed radiation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Industrial melanism involving the peppered moths (Biston sp.)  is cited as an example of natural selection that has been observed in the last one hundred years. Recall that the peppered moth exhibits two distinct morphological types with dark and light colored wings. Which of the following statements about changes in these two types of moths as a result of industrial melanism is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The dark forms are selected against in nonpolluted forests.
B)   The dark forms are distasteful to birds and are thus safe in polluted forests.
C)   The light forms are selected against in nonpolluted forests.
D)   Birds prey more on the dark forms in polluted forests
E)   Dark forms emigrate from nonpolluted forests to polluted forests.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Choose the true statement(s)  about the evolutionary divergence of horses in North America. Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Most changes are seen as adaptations for life in grassland habitats.
B)   The general trends during horse evolution are increase in body size, lengthening of limbs, reduction of digits on both sets of limbs, and tooth development for a grazing life style.
C)   Horse evolution is unusual in that rates of change were uniform and constant throughout most lineages.
D)   Living lineages of horses show much less diversity than existed in the past.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B) A, B, D

Question 13

You would predict to see the fewest amino acid sequence substitutions in a protein between a human and a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   snake
B)   bird
C)   fish
D)   bacterium
E)   frogF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees. Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is no selection and mating is random under domestication.
B)   During domestication, very high rates of mutation are induced.
C)   Genetic drift is important because domestication involves small populations.
D)   Many domesticated varieties would not survive in the natural world.
E)   Domesticated species exhibit "hybrid vigor" (heterosis) .F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Exam 18: The Evidence for Evolution

Correct Answer
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The figure below shows results of bristle number in Drosophila flies after 35 generations of artificial selection. This figure suggests that

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A, C, D

In a hypothetical study, equal numbers of marked dark and light moths are released in polluted and unpolluted woodlands and recaptured 10 days later. According to the industrial melanism hypothesis, which of the following results is unexpected?

Correct Answer
verified

Domestication of dogs has led to

Correct Answer
verified

Flamingo beaks are upside down, forcing them to feed by putting their heads upside down in the water. The beak of a flamingo is an example of which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The size and shape of a finch's beak correlates with it's ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below (21.2b) ? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
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A, B

Radioactive isotopes are used in dating materials from the distant past. Which of the following statements about radioactive dating techniques is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the true statement(s) about the evolutionary divergence of horses in North America. Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified
A, B, D

You would predict to see the fewest amino acid sequence substitutions in a protein between a human and a ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees. Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 18: The Evidence for Evolution

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The figure below shows results of bristle number in Drosophila flies after 35 generations of artificial selection. This figure suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA, C, D

In a hypothetical study, equal numbers of marked dark and light moths are released in polluted and unpolluted woodlands and recaptured 10 days later. According to the industrial melanism hypothesis, which of the following results is unexpected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Domestication of dogs has led to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flamingo beaks are upside down, forcing them to feed by putting their heads upside down in the water. The beak of a flamingo is an example of which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The size and shape of a finch's beak correlates with it's ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below (21.2b) ? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedA, B

Radioactive isotopes are used in dating materials from the distant past. Which of the following statements about radioactive dating techniques is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the true statement(s) about the evolutionary divergence of horses in North America. Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedA, B, D

You would predict to see the fewest amino acid sequence substitutions in a protein between a human and a ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees. Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A, C, D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A, B

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A, B, D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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