Question 1

The primary goal of meditation is to

Accepted Answer

A)   focus consciousness on immediate worldly concerns.
B)   achieve a state of heightened bodily arousal but lowered awareness.
C)   help individuals feel physically relaxed and provide a time-out from tension.
D)   change consciousness to enhance self-knowledge and well-being.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Hallucinogenic drugs typically act in the brain by affecting the use of

Accepted Answer

A)   cannabinoids.
B)   THC.
C)   the neurotransmitter serotonin.
D)   the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The melodic tones of your teacher's voice have put you to sleep. Though the other students in the class can't see them, sleep spindles have begun to appear in your brain waves. You are likely in stage

Accepted Answer

A)   1.
B)   2.
C)   3.
D)   4.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Your job is to monitor the EEG recordings of a patient in a sleep laboratory. You observe that the patient's brain waves change from about 14 cycles per second (cps)  to 8-12 cps and then to 3-7 cps. What changes, if any, have likely occurred in the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   First the patient was deeply asleep, then lightly asleep, then awake.
B)   The patient moved progressively from stage 1 to stage 3 sleep.
C)   First the patient was awake, then relaxed, then in stage 1 sleep.
D)   The patient was awake through all the changes in brain wave patterns.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Paradoxical sleep was so called because

Accepted Answer

A)   this type of sleep is a mystery to scientists.
B)   the EEG tracings during paradoxical sleep vary wildly from person to person.
C)   the EEG tracings during paradoxical sleep can only be interpreted by the sleeper.
D)   the EEG tracings during this type of sleep resemble those of a person who is awake.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Drugs such as barbiturates and alcohol are classified as depressants because they

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses in the central nervous system.
B)   lead to tolerance.
C)   bring about depression when they are not being used.
D)   are likely to cause a variety of mood disorders, especially depression.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

What does the research regarding "the munchies" demonstrate in addition to possible development of drugs that can assist in weight control?

Accepted Answer

A)   Researchers should not depend on real-world observations.
B)   Researchers can use the information they have now about endocannabinoids only for expanding research regarding weight control.
C)   Research progresses from real-world observations to a productive research agenda.
D)   Real-world observations always lead to hypotheses that cannot be tested.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Researchers have determined that the active chemicals in marijuana, the cannabinoids, bind to specific receptors in the brain. Later research has shown that endogenous cannabinoids exist in the brain, and that they play an ongoing role in food consumption. Besides their role in regulating appetite, endocannabinoids also

Accepted Answer

A)   play a role in reward systems in the brain.
B)   cause cravings for sour tastes.
C)   decrease pleasure when sweet foods are eaten.
D)   play a role in inhibition of depressed mood.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

When researchers studying healthy older adults looked to see whether there was a relationship between sleep efficiency and longevity, they found that

Accepted Answer

A)   there was no relationship between sleep efficiency and longevity.
B)   the most important factor was the time at which people went to bed, not sleep efficiency.
C)   people who spent the highest percentage of bedtime asleep lived the longest.
D)   those individuals who spent the highest percentage of bedtime asleep died at the earliest ages.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The EEG tracing of the patient in the sleep laboratory shows that brain waves have slowed to about 1 to 2 cycles per second. In addition, breathing and heart rate have decreased. It is most likely that the patient is

Accepted Answer

A)   in stage 1 non-REM sleep.
B)   experiencing feelings of anxiety.
C)   in stages 3 and 4 of sleep.
D)   in paradoxical sleep.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

In the brain, nicotine

Accepted Answer

A)   affects regions which are also targeted by depressants.
B)   does not seem to mimic the natural chemicals released by the brain.
C)   stimulates receptors that make you feel good when you have achieved a rewarding goal.
D)   fools receptor sites into responding as if it were bad for you to be smoking, although the smoker continues to smoke due to nicotine addiction.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

One night you dream that you are a world-famous sleep researcher. Discuss the kinds of things you have learned from your sleep research. Discuss circadian rhythms, the physiological changes that accompany sleep, and examples of the various sleep disorders.

Accepted Answer

We have internal clocks to which our bod...

Question 13

Your best friend's birthday is coming up and you ought to buy her a present. Your ability to consider what things she has, how she might react to what you get her, and how you are going to pay for her present, are all made possible by the ________ function of consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A)   selective storage
B)   preconscious
C)   planning
D)   restrictiveE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

The restrictive function of consciousness is most responsible for your ability to

Accepted Answer

A)   hide feelings of fear or anger.
B)   decide whether you can lift a heavy object without hurting yourself.
C)   tell the difference between the odors of fish and coffee.
D)   carry on a conversation at a noisy party.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

When she first started taking drugs, a person suffering from an addiction found that they markedly affected her perceptions. Now, however, she finds that greater dosages are required to achieve the same effects. The addict is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   withdrawal symptoms.
B)   psychological dependence.
C)   tolerance.
D)   intolerance.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following drugs does NOT belong in the same group as the others?

Accepted Answer

A)   LSD
B)   cannabis
C)   PCP
D)   morphineE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

A student claims that he has severe insomnia and hardly sleeps at all. The fact that his roommate says that he appears to sleep deeply and is not even bothered by dorm noises when he is asleep suggests that the student's condition is most probably

Accepted Answer

A)   non-REM sleep.
B)   paradoxical insomnia.
C)   narcolepsy.
D)   sleep apnea.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Researchers have suggested that people can be divided into chronotypes. A chronotype identifies an individual as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   light sleeper or a deep sleeper.
B)   morning type or an evening type.
C)   thin body type or a heavy body type.
D)   extraverted person or an introverted person.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

You would probably be most concerned if you were being driven somewhere by a person who has the sleep disorder called

Accepted Answer

A)   insomnia.
B)   narcolepsy.
C)   sleep apnea.
D)   subjective insomnia.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Researchers have suggested that people can be sorted into __________ according to their preferred patterns of sleep and wakefulness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers have suggested that people can be...

Exam 5: Mind, Consciousness, and Alternate States

When researchers studying healthy older adults looked to see whether there was a relationship between sleep efficiency and longevity, they found that

Correct Answer
verified

The restrictive function of consciousness is most responsible for your ability to

Correct Answer
verified

Paradoxical sleep was so called because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following drugs does NOT belong in the same group as the others?

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have suggested that people can be divided into chronotypes. A chronotype identifies an individual as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

When she first started taking drugs, a person suffering from an addiction found that they markedly affected her perceptions. Now, however, she finds that greater dosages are required to achieve the same effects. The addict is experiencing

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A student claims that he has severe insomnia and hardly sleeps at all. The fact that his roommate says that he appears to sleep deeply and is not even bothered by dorm noises when he is asleep suggests that the student's condition is most probably

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have suggested that people can be sorted into __________ according to their preferred patterns of sleep and wakefulness.

Correct Answer
verified

In the brain, nicotine

Correct Answer
verified

You would probably be most concerned if you were being driven somewhere by a person who has the sleep disorder called

Correct Answer
verified

Your job is to monitor the EEG recordings of a patient in a sleep laboratory. You observe that the patient's brain waves change from about 14 cycles per second (cps) to 8-12 cps and then to 3-7 cps. What changes, if any, have likely occurred in the patient?

Correct Answer
verified

Drugs such as barbiturates and alcohol are classified as depressants because they

Correct Answer
verified

Hallucinogenic drugs typically act in the brain by affecting the use of

Correct Answer
verified

The melodic tones of your teacher's voice have put you to sleep. Though the other students in the class can't see them, sleep spindles have begun to appear in your brain waves. You are likely in stage

Correct Answer
verified

One night you dream that you are a world-famous sleep researcher. Discuss the kinds of things you have learned from your sleep research. Discuss circadian rhythms, the physiological changes that accompany sleep, and examples of the various sleep disorders.

Correct Answer
verified
We have internal clocks to which our bod...
View Answer

Your best friend's birthday is coming up and you ought to buy her a present. Your ability to consider what things she has, how she might react to what you get her, and how you are going to pay for her present, are all made possible by the ________ function of consciousness.

Correct Answer
verified

The primary goal of meditation is to

Correct Answer
verified

What does the research regarding "the munchies" demonstrate in addition to possible development of drugs that can assist in weight control?

Correct Answer
verified

The EEG tracing of the patient in the sleep laboratory shows that brain waves have slowed to about 1 to 2 cycles per second. In addition, breathing and heart rate have decreased. It is most likely that the patient is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Mind, Consciousness, and Alternate States

When researchers studying healthy older adults looked to see whether there was a relationship between sleep efficiency and longevity, they found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The restrictive function of consciousness is most responsible for your ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paradoxical sleep was so called because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following drugs does NOT belong in the same group as the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have suggested that people can be divided into chronotypes. A chronotype identifies an individual as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When she first started taking drugs, a person suffering from an addiction found that they markedly affected her perceptions. Now, however, she finds that greater dosages are required to achieve the same effects. The addict is experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student claims that he has severe insomnia and hardly sleeps at all. The fact that his roommate says that he appears to sleep deeply and is not even bothered by dorm noises when he is asleep suggests that the student's condition is most probably

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have suggested that people can be sorted into __________ according to their preferred patterns of sleep and wakefulness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the brain, nicotine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You would probably be most concerned if you were being driven somewhere by a person who has the sleep disorder called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your job is to monitor the EEG recordings of a patient in a sleep laboratory. You observe that the patient's brain waves change from about 14 cycles per second (cps) to 8-12 cps and then to 3-7 cps. What changes, if any, have likely occurred in the patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs such as barbiturates and alcohol are classified as depressants because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hallucinogenic drugs typically act in the brain by affecting the use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The melodic tones of your teacher's voice have put you to sleep. Though the other students in the class can't see them, sleep spindles have begun to appear in your brain waves. You are likely in stage

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One night you dream that you are a world-famous sleep researcher. Discuss the kinds of things you have learned from your sleep research. Discuss circadian rhythms, the physiological changes that accompany sleep, and examples of the various sleep disorders.

Correct AnswerverifiedWe have internal clocks to which our bod...View AnswerShow Answer

Your best friend's birthday is coming up and you ought to buy her a present. Your ability to consider what things she has, how she might react to what you get her, and how you are going to pay for her present, are all made possible by the ________ function of consciousness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary goal of meditation is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the research regarding "the munchies" demonstrate in addition to possible development of drugs that can assist in weight control?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The EEG tracing of the patient in the sleep laboratory shows that brain waves have slowed to about 1 to 2 cycles per second. In addition, breathing and heart rate have decreased. It is most likely that the patient is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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We have internal clocks to which our bod...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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