Question 1

A teenager writes an essay for a high school English course entitled, "What I Know about My Own Memory." The essay is about the teen's

Accepted Answer

A)  decomposition strategies.
B)  ontological development.
C)  learning to learn.
D)  metamemory.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Accurate counting is commonly achieved by the age of

Accepted Answer

A)  one.
B)  two.
C)  four.
D)  six.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

In contrast with younger children, older children rehearse

Accepted Answer

A)  differently but less efficiently.
B)  in the same way, with the same efficiency.
C)  in the same way but more efficiently.
D)  differently and more efficiently.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

What type of cognitive theory is the multistore model? Briefly describe this model.

Accepted Answer

The multistore model is a cognitive theory that falls under the category of information processing theories. This model was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and suggests that memory is composed of three different stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

In this model, information first enters the sensory memory, where it is briefly stored for a very short period of time. If the information is attended to, it is then transferred to the short-term memory, where it is held for a limited duration unless it is rehearsed. If the information is rehearsed and encoded properly, it is then transferred to the long-term memory, where it can be stored indefinitely.

Overall, the multistore model provides a framework for understanding how information is processed and stored in the human memory system, and it has been influential in shaping our understanding of memory and cognition.

Question 5

Froggy, age 10, tells friends about his trip to Paris: "So the French people seated next to us ate their pie crust first!" Eating the crust first on a pie was memorable to Froggy because

Accepted Answer

A)  it deviates from the American script of eating the pie crust last.
B)  French meat pies might contain cooked snails.
C)  French pies are cooked more thoroughly than in America.
D)  Froggy was inclined to make the story seem exotic.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Metacognition is another term for the brain's

Accepted Answer

A)  executive function.
B)  multistore model of memory.
C)  implicit cognitions.
D)  infantile amnesias.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Police investigators are likely to interrogate a crime witness about her ____ about what happened.

Accepted Answer

A)  rehearsal
B)  event memory
C)  strategic memory
D)  short-term memoryE) A) and D)
F) C) and D) B

Question 8

Which of these describes the early-to-late flow of fresh information through the multistore model of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Long-term memory :: short-term memory :: sensory store
B)  Short-term memory :: sensory store :: long-term memory
C)  Sensory store :: long-term memory :: short-term memory
D)  Sensory store :: short-term memory :: long-term memoryE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

A first-grade child from _____ is LEAST likely to use a fact retrieval strategy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Taiwan
B)  Japan
C)  China
D)  United StatesE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

To assess analogical reasoning in infants, Chen and colleagues used this task:

Accepted Answer

A)  tasting similarities in foods that look alike.
B)  judging similarities of simple word meanings.
C)  using similar movements to retrieve toys.
D)  smiling in response to similar musical melodies.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Scripts become established as memories for

Accepted Answer

A)  material that is intentionally learned with strategies.
B)  important personal events that happened in infancy.
C)  what happens in familiar and repeated situations.
D)  factual events reported in the news media.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In the "pull on a toy string" experiment, Chen and colleagues showed that analogical reasoning

Accepted Answer

A)  is difficult for adults as well as for children.
B)  is done better by grade-schoolers than by adults.
C)  begins to be mastered during adolescence.
D)  is within the capabilities of one-year-old babies.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Despite their lack of instruction in memorization strategies, Australian aboriginal children do better than educated Caucasian children while learning

Accepted Answer

A)  items on shopping lists.
B)  names and dates of historical events.
C)  locations of objects in a local setting.
D)  events that happened during infancy in one's own life.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D) C

Question 14

Older children know more than younger children, which expands their ____ to improve their memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory capacity
B)  memory strategies
C)  knowledge base
D)  metamemoryE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

GIST is to VERBATIM as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  VAGUE :: CLEAR
B)  CULTURE :: SOCIETY
C)  REASONING :: INTUITION
D)  CUED RECALL :: FREE RECALLE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

When age differences are found on memory tests, they are

Accepted Answer

A)  equivalent on implicit and explicit memory tasks.
B)  stronger with implicit than with explicit memory tasks.
C)  stronger with explicit than with implicit memory tasks.
D)  extreme, with adults scoring high and children scoring low.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

In the information-processing perspective, the mind's hardware is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous system, including the brain, neurons, and sensory receptors.
B)  skeletal system.
C)  vital organs, including the heart, lungs, and stomach.
D)  corpus callosum.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Ambrose Bierce wrote, "The mind is a mysterious form of matter secreted by the brain; its chief activity consists of trying to understand its own functions." For Bierce, the mind's main activity represents

Accepted Answer

A)  fuzzy traces.
B)  metacognition.
C)  relational primacy.
D)  a reticular formation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

____ is the earliest type of event memory to become evident during infancy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Applications of strategic memory
B)  Silent verbal rehearsal
C)  Overt verbal rehearsal
D)  Deferred imitationE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Suppose that a child has a production deficiency for learning/memory strategies; what ought to be done?

Accepted Answer

A)  Counsel the child to adapt to her disability
B)  Give encouragement to raise her self-esteem
C)  Teach the child an appropriate strategy
D)  Redirect the child to other activitiesE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

A teenager writes an essay for a high school English course entitled, "What I Know about My Own Memory." The essay is about the teen's

Correct Answer
verified

Accurate counting is commonly achieved by the age of

Correct Answer
verified

In contrast with younger children, older children rehearse

Correct Answer
verified

What type of cognitive theory is the multistore model? Briefly describe this model.

Froggy, age 10, tells friends about his trip to Paris: "So the French people seated next to us ate their pie crust first!" Eating the crust first on a pie was memorable to Froggy because

Correct Answer
verified

Metacognition is another term for the brain's

Correct Answer
verified

Police investigators are likely to interrogate a crime witness about her ____ about what happened.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of these describes the early-to-late flow of fresh information through the multistore model of memory?

Correct Answer
verified

A first-grade child from _____ is LEAST likely to use a fact retrieval strategy.

Correct Answer
verified

To assess analogical reasoning in infants, Chen and colleagues used this task:

Correct Answer
verified

Scripts become established as memories for

Correct Answer
verified

In the "pull on a toy string" experiment, Chen and colleagues showed that analogical reasoning

Correct Answer
verified

Despite their lack of instruction in memorization strategies, Australian aboriginal children do better than educated Caucasian children while learning

Correct Answer
verified
C

Older children know more than younger children, which expands their ____ to improve their memory.

Correct Answer
verified

GIST is to VERBATIM as is to .

Correct Answer
verified

When age differences are found on memory tests, they are

Correct Answer
verified

In the information-processing perspective, the mind's hardware is the

Correct Answer
verified

Ambrose Bierce wrote, "The mind is a mysterious form of matter secreted by the brain; its chief activity consists of trying to understand its own functions." For Bierce, the mind's main activity represents

Correct Answer
verified

____ is the earliest type of event memory to become evident during infancy.

Correct Answer
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Suppose that a child has a production deficiency for learning/memory strategies; what ought to be done?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

A teenager writes an essay for a high school English course entitled, "What I Know about My Own Memory." The essay is about the teen's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Accurate counting is commonly achieved by the age of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast with younger children, older children rehearse

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of cognitive theory is the multistore model? Briefly describe this model.

Froggy, age 10, tells friends about his trip to Paris: "So the French people seated next to us ate their pie crust first!" Eating the crust first on a pie was memorable to Froggy because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metacognition is another term for the brain's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Police investigators are likely to interrogate a crime witness about her ____ about what happened.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of these describes the early-to-late flow of fresh information through the multistore model of memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A first-grade child from _____ is LEAST likely to use a fact retrieval strategy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess analogical reasoning in infants, Chen and colleagues used this task:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scripts become established as memories for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the "pull on a toy string" experiment, Chen and colleagues showed that analogical reasoning

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite their lack of instruction in memorization strategies, Australian aboriginal children do better than educated Caucasian children while learning

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Older children know more than younger children, which expands their ____ to improve their memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

GIST is to VERBATIM as ____ is to ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When age differences are found on memory tests, they are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the information-processing perspective, the mind's hardware is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ambrose Bierce wrote, "The mind is a mysterious form of matter secreted by the brain; its chief activity consists of trying to understand its own functions." For Bierce, the mind's main activity represents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ is the earliest type of event memory to become evident during infancy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that a child has a production deficiency for learning/memory strategies; what ought to be done?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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GIST is to VERBATIM as is to .

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