Question 1

Which one of the following statements about El Niño is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurrence of El Niño is irregular and unpredictable.
B)  The immediate effect of El Niño is a weakening in the east-to-west trade winds.
C)  Weakening in the trade winds results in more upwelling along the Peru-Ecuador coast.
D)  El Niño results in the movement of weather systems from the western Pacific eastwarD.
E)  El Niño events in the Pacific can influence weather as far away as Africa.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The distribution of biomes is dependent upon all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  available moisture.
B)  temperature.
C)  mountains and the irregular outlines of continents.
D)  distance from the oceans and elevation.
E)  a thermoclinE.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,the world's temperature is rising,with great potential direct impact on the world's __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  climate
B)  biodiversity
C)  biogeochemistry
D)  ozone layerE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The most serious and rapidly accelerating of all global environmental problems is the loss of

Accepted Answer

A)  biodiversity.
B)  fossil fuels.
C)  fresh water.
D)  unused land for agriculture.
E)  small farms.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Substances dissolving the ozone layer;largely discontinued in use.

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorofluorocarbons
B)  ozone layer
C)  carbon dioxide and sulfur
D)  coal,natural gas,oil
E)  plasticsF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The area of the ocean that is along the coasts of continents and islands,and less than 300 meters below the surface is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  surface zone.
B)  abyssal zone.
C)  neritic zone.
D)  littoral zone.
E)  limnetic zonE.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Fossil fuels that the developing countries are using at an alarming rate;can potentially produce greenhouse gas and acid rain.

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorofluorocarbons
B)  ozone layer
C)  carbon dioxide and sulfur
D)  coal,natural gas,oil
E)  plasticsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

The biome which contains at least half of Earth's plants and animals is the

Accepted Answer

A)  desert.
B)  grassland.
C)  savanna.
D)  taiga forest.
E)  tropical rain forest.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

About three-quarters of Earth is covered by _________ ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

A)  freshwater
B)  terrestrial
C)  forested
D)  marineE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

CO2 and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ozone layer depletion
B)  greenhouse effect
C)  decreased biodiversity
D)  acid rainE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Longer wavelengths of infrared light or heat are trapped to produce the so-called "greenhouse effect" by

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon.
B)  nitrogen monoxide.
C)  carbon dioxide.
D)  ozone.
E)  sulfur.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 12

The abrupt change in water temperature of large lakes is called

Accepted Answer

A)  thermocline.
B)  epilimnion.
C)  hypolimnion.
D)  eutrophication.
E)  oligotrophication.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Which one of the following would not be different if Earth did not rotate on its axis?

Accepted Answer

A)  westerlies
B)  notheast trade winds
C)  southeast trade winds
D)  descent of air at 30 ∘\circ∘  N and 30 ∘\circ∘  S latitude
E)  coriolis effect F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Select the two biomes that are likely to be most adversely affected by global climate change.

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical forest and temperate forest
B)  desert and savanna
C)  tundra and tiaga
D)  coral reefs and hydrothermal vents
E)  savanna and temperate grasslandF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

A protective covering shielding the Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation;rapidly being depleted according to some scientists.

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorofluorocarbons
B)  ozone layer
C)  carbon dioxide and sulfur
D)  coal,natural gas,oil
E)  plasticsF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that seem to cause global weather changes are given the name

Accepted Answer

A)  El Niño.
B)  gyrals.
C)  the Humboldt current.
D)  the Japan current.
E)  west equatorial drift.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a savanna?

Accepted Answer

A)  area of reduced annual precipitation
B)  open grassland with scattered shrubs and trees
C)  a transitional between a tropical rain forest and desert
D)  many of the plants and animals are active only during the day
E)  rainfall of 150 to 450 centimeters annuallyF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Tropical;grassland with scattered trees;seasonally dry;nutrient poor soils;large grazing mammals.

Accepted Answer

A)  desert
B)  savanna
C)  taiga
D)  temperate grassland
E)  tropical rain forestF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Bacteria living symbiotically inside some of the animals clustered around deep-sea hydrothermal vents carry out

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesis.
B)  chemosynthesis.
C)  reductive synthesis.
D)  oxidative synthesis.
E)  all of thesE.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Restricted by water availability;20 degrees to 30 degrees latitude;hot sunny days,cold nights;annuals;shrubs with long roots;succulents.

Accepted Answer

A)  desert
B)  savanna
C)  taiga
D)  temperate grassland
E)  tropical rain forestF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Exam 59: The Biosphere

Longer wavelengths of infrared light or heat are trapped to produce the so-called "greenhouse effect" by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CO2 and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Restricted by water availability;20 degrees to 30 degrees latitude;hot sunny days,cold nights;annuals;shrubs with long roots;succulents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biome which contains at least half of Earth's plants and animals is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The area of the ocean that is along the coasts of continents and islands,and less than 300 meters below the surface is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a savanna?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that seem to cause global weather changes are given the name

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The distribution of biomes is dependent upon all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fossil fuels that the developing countries are using at an alarming rate;can potentially produce greenhouse gas and acid rain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the two biomes that are likely to be most adversely affected by global climate change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following would not be different if Earth did not rotate on its axis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most serious and rapidly accelerating of all global environmental problems is the loss of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Tropical;grassland with scattered trees;seasonally dry;nutrient poor soils;large grazing mammals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The abrupt change in water temperature of large lakes is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,the world's temperature is rising,with great potential direct impact on the world's __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances dissolving the ozone layer;largely discontinued in use.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A protective covering shielding the Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation;rapidly being depleted according to some scientists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About three-quarters of Earth is covered by _________ ecosystems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about El Niño is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria living symbiotically inside some of the animals clustered around deep-sea hydrothermal vents carry out

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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CO₂ and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.

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