Question 1

The parasympathetic effects of acetylcholine require the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  G proteins.
B)  GABA.
C)  AMPAR.
D)  habituation.
E)  synaptic integration.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The rapid inward diffusion of Na+ followed by the outward diffusion of K+ produces a rapid change in the membrane potential called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential.
B)  excitatory postsynaptic potential.
C)  saltatory conduction.
D)  monosynaptic reflex.
E)  depolarization.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D) A

Question 3

At the myelinated area of the axon (i.e. ,not at the node of Ranvier) ,which one of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased number of voltage-gated sodium channels
B)  increased resistance across membrane
C)  increased capacitance across membrane
D)  increased transport of potassium across membraneE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Damage to the specific regions of the basic ganglia can produce the resting tremor of muscles that is characteristic of people with

Accepted Answer

A)  epilepsy.
B)  Parkinson's disease.
C)  seizures.
D)  Alzheimer disease.
E)  insomnia.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

The hindbrain consists of all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A)  pons and cerebellum.
B)  medulla oblongata.
C)  ascending tracts.
D)  pons,cerebellum,and ascending tracts.
E)  medulla oblongata and ascending tracts.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

The area of the cerebral hemisphere important for the interpretation and the formulation of thoughts into speech is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's areA.
B)  the pons.
C)  the medulla oblongata.
D)  Wernicke's area.
E)  the cerebellum.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 7

The gap into which neurotransmitters are released by the arrival of an impulse is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  gap junction.
B)  synaptic cleft.
C)  postsynaptic membrane.
D)  presynaptic membrane.
E)  impulse channel.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) B

Question 8

Neurons are supported both structurally and functionally by supporting cells which include

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites and nodes of Ranvier.
B)  neuroglia and nodes of Ranvier.
C)  Schwann cells,oligodendrocytes.
D)  dendrites,nodes of Ranvier,and neuroglia.
E)  neuroglia,Schwann cells,and oligodendrocytes.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Acetylcholine is added to the paravertebral ganglia in the sympathetic ganglion chain in the upper thoracic area.Which one of the following actions occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart rate goes up
B)  adrenaline get secreted from adrenal glands
C)  gut motility increases
D)  urinary bladder relaxes
E)  saliva secretion increasesF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

What determines the direction of membrane voltage change on the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of neurotransmitter
B)  whether the receptor uses a second messenger system or not
C)  the main ion traveling through the opened channel
D)  the number of channels on the postsynaptic membraneE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

In typical cell,which of the following has the highest electrochemical potential for movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  the electrochemical potential for Na+ to move into the cell
B)  the electrochemical potential for Na to move out of the cell
C)  the electrochemical potential for K to move into the cell
D)  the electrochemical potential for K+ to move into the cell
E)  the electrochemical potential for Cl- to move into the cellF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

The primary function of the hindbrain in vertebrates is

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature control.
B)  integration of sensory data.
C)  memory storage.
D)  control of the heartbeat.
E)  coordination of motor reflexes.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following diagrams shows the correct distribution of ions in a resting cell? (Note: A larger font size indicates more of that particular ion. )

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  DE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The central and peripheral nervous systems in the vertebrates is comprised of

Accepted Answer

A)  axons.
B)  cell bodies.
C)  dendrites.
D)  neurons.
E)  synapses.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The membrane of a resting neuron is much more permeable to which of the following ion than any other ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl
B)  Ca2+
C)  Na+
D)  K+
E)  H+F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

You encounter a person on the street talking to you with clear English words but they are not put together in coherent sentences.What is the likely explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to the hippocampus
B)  damage to the amygdala
C)  damage to Wernike's area
D)  damage to the basal ganglia
E)  damage to Broca's areaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

When comparing the outside to the inside of a typical living cell,which ion is the closest to electrochemical equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl-
B)  Na+
C)  K+
D)  Ca2+E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

At the vertebrate neuromuscular junction,correctly order the following reactions.
I-Muscle fiber membrane is depolarized.
II-Action potentials are generated in the neuron.
III-Stimulation of the entry of Ca2+ into the neuron.
IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Accepted Answer

A)  I,II,III,IV
B)  III,II,IV,I
C)  I,III,IV,II
D)  IV,II,III,I
E)  II,III,IV,IF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following multicellular animals lack nerves?

Accepted Answer

A)  sponges
B)  cnidarians
C)  platyhelminthes
D)  arthropods
E)  reptiliansF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics are true for an action potential?
I-A threshold potential must be exceeded.
II-Each stimulus produces a full potential or none at all.
III-During the refractory period it is less likely that another action potential can be produced.

Accepted Answer

A)  I only
B)  I and II
C)  II and III
D)  I and III
E)  I,II,and IIIF) A) and D)
G) A) and C) E

Exam 44: The Nervous System

The parasympathetic effects of acetylcholine require the action of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rapid inward diffusion of Na+ followed by the outward diffusion of K+ produces a rapid change in the membrane potential called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedA

At the myelinated area of the axon (i.e. ,not at the node of Ranvier) ,which one of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the specific regions of the basic ganglia can produce the resting tremor of muscles that is characteristic of people with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hindbrain consists of all of the following except the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The area of the cerebral hemisphere important for the interpretation and the formulation of thoughts into speech is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gap into which neurotransmitters are released by the arrival of an impulse is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Neurons are supported both structurally and functionally by supporting cells which include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acetylcholine is added to the paravertebral ganglia in the sympathetic ganglion chain in the upper thoracic area.Which one of the following actions occurs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What determines the direction of membrane voltage change on the postsynaptic membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In typical cell,which of the following has the highest electrochemical potential for movement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary function of the hindbrain in vertebrates is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diagrams shows the correct distribution of ions in a resting cell? (Note: A larger font size indicates more of that particular ion. )

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central and peripheral nervous systems in the vertebrates is comprised of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membrane of a resting neuron is much more permeable to which of the following ion than any other ion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You encounter a person on the street talking to you with clear English words but they are not put together in coherent sentences.What is the likely explanation for this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing the outside to the inside of a typical living cell,which ion is the closest to electrochemical equilibrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the vertebrate neuromuscular junction,correctly order the following reactions. I-Muscle fiber membrane is depolarized. II-Action potentials are generated in the neuron. III-Stimulation of the entry of Ca2+ into the neuron. IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following multicellular animals lack nerves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics are true for an action potential? I-A threshold potential must be exceeded. II-Each stimulus produces a full potential or none at all. III-During the refractory period it is less likely that another action potential can be produced.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

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The rapid inward diffusion of Na⁺ followed by the outward diffusion of K⁺ produces a rapid change in the membrane potential called a(n)

Correct Answer
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A

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B

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At the vertebrate neuromuscular junction,correctly order the following reactions. I-Muscle fiber membrane is depolarized. II-Action potentials are generated in the neuron. III-Stimulation of the entry of Ca²⁺ into the neuron. IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Correct Answer
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E