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If you exposed a C4 plant to 14CO2 in the light,which of the following would be the first organic molecule labeled with 14C?


A) oxaloacetate
B) malate
C) pyruvate
D) phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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__________ is the process by which certain organisms capture energy from sunlight and use it to build energy-rich food molecules.


A) Metabolism
B) Photosynthesis
C) Respiration
D) Energy

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In the plants that utilize the CAM pathway,what happens to the stomata?


A) The stomata open in the afternoon but close as soon as the sun sets.
B) The stomata open in the morning but close in the afternoon.
C) The stomata open in the evening but close in the morning.
D) The stomata open only when the sun is shining and close at night.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Carbon atoms of CO2 are incorporated into organic molecules in a series of dark reactions called


A) carbon reduction.
B) carbon synthesis.
C) carbon fixation.
D) carbon activation.
E) carbon oxidation.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The dark reactions of photosynthesis are those that


A) convert chlorophylls into enzymes.
B) convert enzymes into chlorophylls.
C) convert water into hydrogen and oxygen.
D) convert CO2 into reduced molecules (sugars) .
E) only occur in the dark.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The general process whereby protons accumulate on one side of a membrane and can flow back across the membrane through ATP synthase resulting in ATP production is called _________________.


A) chemiosmosis
B) ATP synthesis
C) diffusion
D) active transport

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Visible light not strongly absorbed by chlorophyls.


A) green
B) violet-blue
C) red
D) ultraviolet
E) yellow-orange

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The cyclic carbon fixation reactions are also known as the


A) Krebs cycle.
B) Calvin cycle.
C) citric acid cycle.
D) tri carboxylic acid cycle.
E) Blackman cyclE.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Even though the Calvin cycle reactions require the products of the light reactions,its reactions can occur in the ________.


A) light
B) dark
C) root
D) cold

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The photosystem channels the excitation energy gathered by absorption of light by any one of the pigment molecules to a specific "reaction center chlorophyll," which in turn passes the energy to


A) photosystem I.
B) photosystem II.
C) the primary electron acceptor.
D) the secondary electron center.
E) cytochromE.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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In which part of the chloroplasts are the Calvin cycle enzymes located?


A) stroma
B) thylakoids
C) grana
D) envelope
E) cristae

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Sunburn is caused by which component of sunlight?


A) infrared rays
B) X rays
C) gamma rays
D) ultra violet rays
E) long wavelength rays

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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A scientist is hoping to synthesize a new herbicide that will kill certain weeds.She has found that one weed species in particular has thylakoids that have rather large pores.The herbicide will open the pores of these thylakoids,causing them to leak


A) stromal enzymes.
B) chlorophyll.
C) ATP.
D) glucose.
E) NADPH.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Emerson and colleagues discovered the enhancement effect while studying photosynthesis in green algae.The algae were illuminated with light of either 680 nm or 700 nm,and the rate of photosynthesis was measured.The researchers found that the rate of photosynthesis when the lights were applied simultaneously was greater than the sum of the rates when the lights were applied individually.These results provided evidence that


A) photosynthesis is carried out by two photosystems that act in parallel.
B) photosynthesis is carried out by two photosystems that act in series.
C) photosynthesis is carried out by two photosystems that work best at a wavelength of 690 nm.
D) photosynthesis is enhanced by the use of two photosystems.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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During electron transport,the thylakoid space becomes


A) the site of ATP synthesis.
B) the site of NADPH production.
C) less acidic than the stroma.
D) more acidic than the stroma.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Fall leaf color on deciduous trees is a result of


A) the production of more accessory pigments because of the cooler temperatures.
B) the reduction in the production of accessory pigments because of the cooler temperatures.
C) cessation of chlorophyll production,which allows the accessory pigments to be revealed.
D) the increased angle of the sun during the fall,which reflects more of the accessory pigments causing the human eye to see the red,yellow,and orange colors that were masked by the green chlorophyll.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Visible light has a wavelength range of


A) 400-700 nanometers.
B) 200-800 nanometers.
C) 200-400 nanometers.
D) 200-700 nanometers.
E) 0.001-100,000 nanometers.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Most plants incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars by means of a cycle of reactions called the


A) CAM cycle.
B) carbon cycle.
C) Calvin cycle.
D) Krebs cycle.
E) electron transport cyclE.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The Calvin cycle requires all of the following except


A) carbon dioxide.
B) oxygen.
C) ATP.
D) NADPH.
E) water.

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What did the radioactive molecules represent?


A) Calvin cycle enzymes used in the Calvin
B) carbon compounds produced in the Calvin cycle
C) cellular debris from Chlorella
D) carbon dioxide gas

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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