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The embryo's _____ develops into the digestive and respiratory systems.


A) ectoderm
B) endoderm
C) trophoblast
D) mesoderm

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Bronwyn is interested in using non-medical techniques to assist her with dealing with pain during childbirth. Based on the text and class discussion what are the two best options available to her, and why?

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Some new nonmedicated techniqu...

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Paul suffers from hemophilia. Suggest an appropriate treatment option for Paul's condition.


A) Insulin
B) Blood transfusions/injections
C) Physical therapy
D) Corrective surgery at birth

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The middle layer of the embryo is called the _____.


A) mesoderm
B) cytoderm
C) endoderm
D) ectoderm

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the nervous system and brain, sensory receptors, and skin parts.


A) mesoderm
B) ectoderm
C) trophoblast
D) endoderm

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Ethel is 50-years-old but appears much more aged in appearance. Most of Ethel's relatives don't live past the age of 60. Which of the following genes are responsible for the accelerated aging that is observed in Ethel and her family members?


A) Susceptibility genes
B) Longevity genes
C) Vulnerability genes
D) Mutated genes

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the circulatory system, bones, muscles, excretory system, and reproductive system.


A) endoderm
B) ectoderm
C) mesoderm
D) epidermis

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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During which period of development is the unborn baby MOST at risk of developing a structural defect due to the effects of a teratogen?


A) At conception
B) During the germinal period
C) During the embryonic period
D) During the fetal period

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Xiomara is considering hiring a doula to help with childbirth. What is a doula and how is they different from midwives?

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Doula is a Greek word that means "a woma...

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Which of the following is true of mitosis in humans?


A) Mitosis is the cellular reproduction occurs in the sperm and egg cells.
B) Mitosis results in the formation of four new cells.
C) Mitocis results in the formation of new cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes.
D) Mitosis results in the formation of three new cells.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The second stage of childbirth begins with the _____ and ends with the _____.


A) emergence of the child's head; delivery of the placenta
B) opening of the cervix; delivery of the child out of the mother
C) emergence of the child's head; delivery of the child out of the mother
D) opening of the cervix; delivery of the placenta

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Klinefelter syndrome affects:


A) only males.
B) only females.
C) both males and females equally.
D) more females than males.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Mary and Jim are expecting a child and prenatal diagnostic procedures have confirmed that the fetus has _____, a neural tube disorder that causes brain and spine abnormalities. Their physician has explained that this gene-linked abnormality could be treated with corrective surgery at birth, orthopedic devices, and physical or medical therapy.


A) spina bifida
B) Tay-Sachs disease
C) PKU
D) Huntington's disease

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements about the effects of marijuana exposure on offspring is true?


A) Research has concluded that marijuana use by pregnant women is associated with memory deficits in their offspring.
B) Research has indicated that mothers who use marijuana while pregnant have a higher risk of having a child who develops depression by age 10.
C) Research has shown that mothers who use marijuana while pregnant risk their offspring using marijuana by age 14.
D) Research has concluded that controlled doses of marijuana are associated with increased memory in the developing offspring.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Mariah has given birth to a baby girl. Even one month after delivery, she is experiencing very strong feelings of sadness and anxiety. She is so morose that she is having trouble coping with daily tasks. Mariah is most likely suffering from:


A) posttraumatic stress disorder.
B) postpartum blues.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) postpartum depression.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is true of phenylketonuria?


A) It results from a recessive gene.
B) It is a chromosomal disorder.
C) It results in death by 5 years of age.
D) It is caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The outermost layer of the embryo is called the _____.


A) mesoderm
B) cytoderm
C) endoderm
D) ectoderm

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Gwendolyn is having a prenatal test where her doctor uses high-frequency sound waves directed into her abdomen to check on her fetus. She is most likely having a(n) _____.


A) chorionic villus sampling
B) triple screen
C) amniocentesis
D) ultrasound sonography

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following women has the highest probability of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome?


A) Sarah, a 21-year-old Asian woman
B) Jane, a 41-year-old Euro-American woman
C) Ella, a 27-year-old African American woman
D) Destiny, a 38-year-old African American woman

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Marlena, who just found out she is pregnant, has very poor eating habits. Her total calorie intake is very low. She eats very little protein and unbalanced amounts of vitamins and minerals. If she continues her present eating habits, which of the following is MOST likely to occur?


A) The baby will not be affected.
B) The baby will develop Down syndrome.
C) The baby is more likely to be malformed.
D) The baby is more likely to have severe withdrawal symptoms.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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