Question 1

In which of the following regions of the nephron is water actively transported?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proximal convoluted tubule
B)   Descending limb of the nephron loop
C)   Peritubular capillaries
D)   None of the aboveE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

The new parents are stunned at the state of their newborn's soiled diaper - it is blue! What might be the cause of the odd diaper stain?

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH deficiency
B)   A defect in transport of the amino acid tryptophan in the small intestine
C)   A buildup of uric acid in the blood
D)  E. coli poisoningE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased blood pressure
B)   Increased blood pressure
C)   A constricted afferent arteriole
D)   A dilated efferent arterioleE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Most hydrogen ions are secreted

Accepted Answer

A)   passively into the proximal convoluted tubule.
B)   passively from the distal convoluted tubule.
C)   actively into the entire renal tubule.
D)   actively from the distal convoluted tubule.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Water channels in cell membranes formed by __________ are a result of ADH signaling in the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)   podocytes
B)   cytopores
C)   aquaporins
D)   pyrogensE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates the filtration rate by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   vasodilation of the peritubular capillaries
B)   vasoconstriction of the peritubular capillaries
C)   renin-angiotensin II vasoconstricting both the afferent and efferent arterioles
D)   increasing osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsuleE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

When plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal plasma threshold,

Accepted Answer

A)   the glomerular filtration rate increases.
B)   the volume of urine decreases.
C)   glucose is secreted into the peritubular capillary.
D)   glucose appears in the urine.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The renal medulla is composed of _____, whereas the renal cortex is composed of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   renal pyramids; ureters from nephrons
B)   renal columns; renal pyramids and nephrons
C)   renal corpuscles; nephron loops
D)   renal pyramids; renal corpusclesE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)   Maintaining volume, pH, and composition of body fluids within normal ranges
B)   Removal of excess chemicals
C)   Removal of metabolic wastes
D)   Synthesis of plasma proteinsE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

A __________ is a tubular organ that transports urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ is a tubular organ that...

Question 11

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular capsule.
B)   peritubular capillaries.
C)   glomerular capillaries.
D)   collecting ducts.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

The micturition reflex center is in the

Accepted Answer

A)   sacral segments of the spinal cord.
B)   medulla oblongata.
C)   pons.
D)   hypothalamus.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

A nephron consists of

Accepted Answer

A)   a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
B)   an afferent and an efferent arteriole.
C)   a cortex and a medulla.
D)   a bladder and a ureter.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases sodium excretion.
B)   increases sodium excretion.
C)   decreases potassium excretion.
D)   increases potassium excretion.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Barbara has the disease gout. The inflammation and pain in her joints is due to excess _____________ in her plasma, which leads to crystal deposits in her great toe joint.

Accepted Answer

A)   uric acid
B)   urea
C)   calcium ions
D)   amino acidsE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Once in the glomerular capsule, the filtrate moves into the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal pelvis.
B)   minor calyx.
C)   renal tubule.
D)   ureter.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

The trigone is

Accepted Answer

A)   a group of three neighboring nephrons in a kidney.
B)   a triangular area on the floor of the urinary bladder.
C)   a region where the glomerulus meets the glomerular capsule.
D)   a muscle layer that surrounds each kidney.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

During urine formation, some substances move from the plasma in the peritubular capillary into the renal tubule by the process called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During urine formation, some substances move from...

Exam 20: Urinary System

Once in the glomerular capsule, the filtrate moves into the

Correct Answer
verified

The trigone is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?

Correct Answer
verified

The new parents are stunned at the state of their newborn's soiled diaper - it is blue! What might be the cause of the odd diaper stain?

Correct Answer
verified

When plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal plasma threshold,

Correct Answer
verified

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Correct Answer
verified

The juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates the filtration rate by _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Barbara has the disease gout. The inflammation and pain in her joints is due to excess _____________ in her plasma, which leads to crystal deposits in her great toe joint.

Correct Answer
verified

A nephron consists of

Correct Answer
verified

In which of the following regions of the nephron is water actively transported?

Correct Answer
verified

The renal medulla is composed of _, whereas the renal cortex is composed of _.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Correct Answer
verified

The micturition reflex center is in the

Correct Answer
verified

Secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide

Correct Answer
verified

Most hydrogen ions are secreted

Correct Answer
verified

During urine formation, some substances move from the plasma in the peritubular capillary into the renal tubule by the process called _____.

Correct Answer
verified

A __________ is a tubular organ that transports urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Correct Answer
verified

Water channels in cell membranes formed by __________ are a result of ADH signaling in the kidneys.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 20: Urinary System

Once in the glomerular capsule, the filtrate moves into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The trigone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The new parents are stunned at the state of their newborn's soiled diaper - it is blue! What might be the cause of the odd diaper stain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal plasma threshold,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates the filtration rate by _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Barbara has the disease gout. The inflammation and pain in her joints is due to excess _____________ in her plasma, which leads to crystal deposits in her great toe joint.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nephron consists of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following regions of the nephron is water actively transported?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal medulla is composed of _____, whereas the renal cortex is composed of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The micturition reflex center is in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most hydrogen ions are secreted

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During urine formation, some substances move from the plasma in the peritubular capillary into the renal tubule by the process called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A __________ is a tubular organ that transports urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water channels in cell membranes formed by __________ are a result of ADH signaling in the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The renal medulla is composed of _, whereas the renal cortex is composed of _.

Correct Answer
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