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Figure 23-2. Figure 23-2.   -Refer to Figure 23-2.Point B represents A)  a short-run equilibrium and a long-run equilibrium. B)  a short-run equilibrium but not a long-run equilibrium. C)  a long-run equilibrium but not a short-run equilibrium. D)  neither a short-run equilibrium nor a long-run equilibrium. -Refer to Figure 23-2.Point B represents


A) a short-run equilibrium and a long-run equilibrium.
B) a short-run equilibrium but not a long-run equilibrium.
C) a long-run equilibrium but not a short-run equilibrium.
D) neither a short-run equilibrium nor a long-run equilibrium.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following lists includes only changes that shift aggregate demand to the right?


A) repeal of an investment tax credit,an increase in the money supply
B) repeal of an investment tax credit,a decrease in the money supply
C) passing of an investment tax credit,an increase in the money supply
D) passing of an investment tax credit,a decrease in the money supply

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Aggregate demand includes


A) both the quantity of goods and services the government and customers abroad want to buy.
B) neither the quantity of goods and services the government wants to buy nor the quantity of goods and services customers abroad want to buy.
C) the quantity of goods and service the government wants to buy,but not the quantity of goods and services customers abroad want to buy.
D) the quantity of goods and services customers abroad want to buy,but not the quantity of goods and services the government wants to buy.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Other things the same,if the price level rises,then domestic interest rates


A) rise,so domestic residents will want to hold more foreign bonds.
B) rise,so domestic residents will want to hold fewer foreign bonds.
C) fall,so domestic residents will want to hold more foreign bonds.
D) fall,so domestic residents will want to hold fewer foreign bonds.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.

A) True
B) False

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Optimism Imagine that the economy is in long-run equilibrium.Then,perhaps because of improved international relations and increased confidence in policy makers,people become more optimistic about the future and stay this way for some time. -Refer to Optimism.In the short run what happens to the price level and real GDP?


A) both the price level and real GDP rise.
B) both the price level and real GDP fall.
C) the price level rises and real GDP falls.
D) the price level falls and real GDP rises.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The aggregate-demand curve


A) has a slope that is explained in the same way as the slope of the demand curve for a particular product.
B) is vertical in the long run.
C) shows an inverse relation between the price level and the quantity of all goods and services demanded.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Use sticky-wage theory to explain why an increase in the expected price level shifts the aggregate supply curve.

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When people expect the price l...

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Other things the same,as the price level rises,the real value of money


A) and the exchange rate rise.
B) and the exchange rate fall.
C) rises and the exchange rate falls.
D) falls and the exchange rate rises.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Other things the same,if the U.S.price level falls,then


A) U.S.residents want to buy more foreign bonds.The real exchange rate rises.
B) U.S.residents want to buy more foreign bonds.The real exchange rate falls.
C) U.S.residents want to buy fewer foreign bonds.The real exchange rate rises.
D) U.S.residents want to buy fewer foreign bonds.The real exchange rate falls.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Consider the exhibit below for the following questions. Figure 23-1 Consider the exhibit below for the following questions. Figure 23-1   -Refer to Figure 23-1.If the economy is at A and there is a fall in aggregate demand,in the short run the economy A)  stays at A. B)  moves to B. C)  moves to C. D)  moves to D. -Refer to Figure 23-1.If the economy is at A and there is a fall in aggregate demand,in the short run the economy


A) stays at A.
B) moves to B.
C) moves to C.
D) moves to D.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following effects provide incentives for consumers to spend less when the price level rises?


A) the wealth effect and the interest-rate effect
B) the wealth effect but not the interest-rate effect
C) the interest-rate effect but not the wealth effect
D) neither the wealth-effect nor the interest rate effect

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Other things the same,as the price level rises,exchange rates


A) and interest rates rise.
B) and interest rates fall.
C) fall and interest rates rise.
D) rise and interest rates fall.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Other things the same,if the price level is lower than expected,then some firms believe that the relative price of what they produce has


A) decreased,so they increase production.
B) decreased,so they decrease production.
C) increased,so they increase production.
D) increased,so they decrease production.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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During recessions which type of spending falls?


A) consumption and investment
B) investment but not consumption
C) consumption but not investment
D) neither consumption nor investment

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following shifts the short-run aggregate supply curve right?


A) both an increase in the price level that is greater than expected and an increase in the expected price level.
B) an increase in the price level that is greater than expected,but not an increase in the expected price level.
C) an increase in the expected price level,but not an increase in the price level that is greater than expected.
D) neither an increase in the price level that is greater than expected nor an increase in the expected price level.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements concerning the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is correct?


A) The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is nothing more than a large version of the model of market demand and supply.
B) The price level and quantity of output adjust to bring aggregate demand and supply into balance.
C) The aggregate supply curve shows the quantity of goods and services that households,firms,and the government want to buy at each price.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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During recessions unemployment typically rises


A) little.As the recession ends,unemployment declines gradually.
B) little.As the recession ends,unemployment declines rapidly.
C) substantially.As the recession ends,unemployment declines gradually.
D) substantially.As the recession ends,unemployment declines rapidly.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Other things the same,an increase in the expected price level shifts


A) short-run aggregate supply right.
B) short-run aggregate supply left.
C) aggregate-demand right.
D) aggregated-demand left.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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We depart from the assumptions of classical economics when we focus on the relationship between


A) the quantity of output and the price level.
B) the quantity of output and the unemployment rate.
C) the price level and the inflation rate.
D) inflation and the nominal interest rate.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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