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In which stage in the consumer purchase decision process would a consumer ask, "How much can I afford to spend on a new 42-inch LED HDTV?"


A) problem recognition
B) alternative evaluation
C) purchase decision
D) evaluation
E) information search

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In __________, consumers typically seek only a few information sources about several sellers and their brands, and they may identify and evaluate a moderate number of attributes for each brand that eventually will comprise the consideration set.


A) limited problem solving
B) extended problem solving
C) short-term problem solving
D) routine problem solving
E) relational problem solving

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Making connections between two or more ideas or simply observing the outcomes of others' behaviors and adjusting one's own behavior accordingly is known as what type of learning?


A) stimulus discrimination
B) cognitive learning
C) attitudinal learning
D) stimulus generalization
E) behavioral learning

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A consumer's purchases are often influenced by the views, opinions, or behavior of others. Two important aspects of personal influence to marketing are


A) lifestyle and motivation.
B) personality and lifestyle.
C) opinion leadership and word-of-mouth activity.
D) word-of-mouth activity and psychographics.
E) psychographics and demographics.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Food in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Nicole gives her young daughter Kelli an allowance of $5 a week. Sometimes, Nicole takes Kelli shopping. But if Kelli wants something that costs more than she has saved, Nicole reminds her she needs to keep saving. When Kelli is finally able to purchase a special, more expensive item, she is allowed to pay for it herself, including bringing the product to the salesclerk to complete the purchase. In this way, Nicole encourages the development of Kelli's


A) consumer assimilation.
B) consumer acculturation.
C) purchasing socialization.
D) consumer socialization.
E) purchasing enculturation.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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When Citizen, a watch company, uses a spokesperson such as football player Eli Manning to promote its Eco-Drive watches, it believes he is __________ who can influence the purchase decision of its target market.


A) an opinion leader
B) a product champion
C) an innovator
D) a BzzAgent
E) a rainmaker

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The VALS framework is an example of


A) a personality assessment.
B) cognitive learning theory.
C) a psychographic system.
D) a study on the hierarchy of needs.
E) geodemographic segmentation.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The way people see themselves and the way they believe others see them is referred to as


A) self-evaluation.
B) self-concept.
C) self-actualization.
D) individualized perception.
E) personal perception.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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VALS groups of consumers who are motivated by __________ are those who desire social or physical activity, variety, and risk.


A) ideals
B) rewards
C) achievement
D) self-expression
E) success

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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While watching TV one evening, your stomach growls. You see an ad for Jimmy John's. You walk to Jimmy John's and buy a sandwich, which tastes great. In terms of behavioral learning, walking to the sandwich shop and buying a sandwich is a


A) drive.
B) response.
C) reinforcement.
D) cue.
E) prompt.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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All of the following are challenges that Groupon faces except


A) most of the Groupon deals are unprofitable for merchants, so customers must be converted into repeat purchasers for this to be cost-effective.
B) Groupon faces extraordinary competition because the daily deal technology is easy to copy.
C) the business model is hard to adapt at the local level, though it works well for large, national businesses.
D) some consumers buy the coupons but never use them, eventually leaving them dissatisfied and unlikely to use Groupon again.
E) Groupon must develop a comprehensive understanding of the differences in international buying behaviors to continue its explosive growth outside the United States.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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A reference group that a person wishes to maintain distance from because of differences in values or behaviors is referred to as __________ group.


A) a socialization
B) an associative
C) an aspiration
D) a dissociative
E) an integrated

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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In the VALS framework, each consumer segment exhibits unique media preferences. Which segment would be the most likely to read national newspapers?


A) Experiencers
B) Thinkers
C) Believers
D) Strivers
E) Makers

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Friendship in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Groupon built its business model on the premise that


A) consumers would be receptive to online sweepstakes.
B) businesses would be willing to post their 30-second TV advertising on a social network.
C) consumers would want to "check in" and earn points and badges for visiting businesses.
D) consumers would band together and try a new product or service if businesses would offer lower prices to entice them to take advantage of a daily deal offered to them.
E) consumers would be willing to pay for fun and exciting online video games that are playable on their smartphones and tablet devices.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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A brand community refers to


A) the relatively permanent, homogeneous divisions in a society that consists of people who share similar values, interests, behaviors, and brands.
B) a specialized group of consumers with a structured set of relationships involving a particular brand, fellow customers of that brand, and the product in use.
C) people to whom an individual looks as a basis for purchasing particular brands.
D) those buyers who, through the size of their purchases, affect where marketing dollars will be spent on a particular brand.
E) those brands with whom a person does not wish to be identified.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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While watching TV one evening, your stomach growls. You see an ad for Subway. You walk to the Subway shop and buy a sandwich, which tastes great. In terms of behavioral learning, the great taste of the sandwich is


A) a reinforcement.
B) an achievement.
C) a drive.
D) a cue.
E) a response.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following is a strategy for a market leader (rather than a market challenger) when marketing a low-involvement product?


A) Use sales promotion such as free samples, coupons, and rebates to encourage trial of the brand.
B) Link the brand attributes with high-involvement issues.
C) Use Internet search engines such as Google to assist buyers.
D) Use advertising messages that focus on getting the brand into a consumer's consideration set.
E) Use repetitive advertising messages that reinforce a consumer's knowledge or assure buyers they made the right choice.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Would you agree or disagree with the following statement? "It's a lot cheaper and easier to keep existing customers than to try to find new ones." Explain your answer.

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Students should agree. Firms have begun ...

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