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(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following information for a mixed open economy.The letters Y,Ca,Ig,Xn,G,and T stand for GDP,consumption,gross investment,net exports,government purchases,and net taxes respectively.Figures are in billions of dollars. Ca=25+0.75(YT) Ig=Ig0=50Xn=Xn0=10G=G0=70T=T0=30\begin{aligned}C _ { a } & = 25 + 0.75 ( Y - T ) \\I _ { g } & = I _ { g 0 } = 50 \\X _ { n } & = X _ { n 0 } = 10 \\G & = G _ { 0 } = 70 \\T & = T _ { 0 } = 30\end{aligned} Refer to the information.If the economy's tax schedule was T = .2Y rather than T = T0 = 30,the equilibrium GDP would be:


A) $387.5.
B) $518.5.
C) $316.
D) $412.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In a mixed open economy,if aggregate expenditures exceed GDP:


A) Ig + X + G = Ca.
B) Ca + Ig + Xn + G < domestic output.
C) Ig > S.
D) Ig + X + G > Sa + M + T.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The level of aggregate expenditures in the private closed economy is determined by the:


A) expenditures of consumers and businesses.
B) intersection of the saving schedule and the 45-degree line.
C) equality of the MPC and MPS.
D) intersection of the saving and consumption schedules.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following information for a private closed economy:  Gross Domestic Product  Consumption $100$100200160300220400280500340600440 Expected Rate of Return  Amount of Investment 15%$01240980612031600200\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { c c } \underline{\text { Gross Domestic Product } }& \underline{\text { Consumption } }\\\$100& \$ 100 \\200 & 160 \\300 & 220 \\400 & 280 \\500 & 340 \\600 & 440\end{array}\\\begin{array} { c c c } \underline{\text { Expected Rate of Return }} & \underline{\text { Amount of Investment }} \\15 \% & \$ 0 \\12 & 40 \\9 & 80 \\6 & 120 \\3 & 160 \\0 & 200\end{array}\end{array} Refer to the information.If the real interest rate is 9 percent,the equilibrium GDP will be:


A) $600.
B) $500.
C) $400.
D) $300.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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If government increases its tax revenues by $15 billion and the MPC is 2/3,then we can expect the equilibrium GDP to:


A) decrease by $30 billion.
B) decrease by $45 billion.
C) decrease by $35 billion.
D) decrease by $55 billion.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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At the equilibrium GDP for a private open economy:


A) net exports may be either positive or negative.
B) imports will always exceed exports.
C) exports will always exceed imports.
D) exports and imports will be equal.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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A

In a private closed economy _____ investment is equal to saving at all levels of GDP and equilibrium occurs only at that level of GDP where _____ investment is equal to saving.


A) planned;actual
B) actual;planned
C) gross;net
D) net;gross

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following information for a private closed economy,where Ig is gross investment,S is saving,and Y is gross domestic product (GDP) . Ig=Ig=80 S=80+0.4Y\begin{array} { l } I _ { g } = \overline { I _ { g } } = 80 \\\mathrm {~S} = - 80 + 0.4 \mathrm { Y }\end{array} Refer to the information.The equilibrium GDP will be:


A) $160.
B) $400.
C) $360.
D) $480.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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If the MPC is .50 and the equilibrium GDP is $40 billion below the full-employment GDP,then the size of the recessionary expenditure gap is:


A) $40 billion.
B) $20 billion.
C) $60 billion.
D) $80 billion.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following data for a private closed economy.  Possible Levels of Domestic  Output and Income (GDP = DI)   Consumption $320$320330327340334350341360348370355380362\begin{array}{l}\text { Possible Levels of Domestic }\\\begin{array} { c c c } \underline{\text { Output and Income (GDP = DI) } }&\underline{ \text { Consumption }} \\\$320& \$ 320 \\330 & 327 \\340 & 334 \\350 & 341 \\360 & 348 \\370 & 355 \\380 & 362\end{array}\end{array} Refer to the data for a private closed economy.If gross investment is $12 billion,the equilibrium level of GDP will be:


A) $380.
B) $370.
C) $360.
D) $350.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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For a private closed economy,an unintended decline in inventories suggests that:


A) aggregate expenditures are less than the business sector expected them to be.
B) aggregate expenditures exceed production.
C) actual investment exceeds saving.
D) planned investment is greater than consumption.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following data for a private closed economy.The letters Y,C,S,and I are used to represent real GDP,consumption,saving,and investment respectively.  GDP (Y)  Consumption (C)   Investment (I)  $$0$60$301001204020018050300240604003007050036080\begin{array}{ccc}\underline{\text { GDP }(Y) } & \underline{\text { Consumption (C) }} & \underline{\text { Investment (I) }} \\\$ \$ 0 & \$ 60 & \$ 30 \\100 & 120 & 40 \\200 & 180 & 50 \\300 & 240 & 60 \\400 & 300 & 70 \\500 & 360 & 80\end{array} The equation representing the investment schedule for the economy is:


A) I = .3Y.
B) I = 80 - .3Y.
C) I = 30 + .1Y.
D) I = I0 = 30.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In a mixed closed economy:


A) government purchases and saving are injections,while investment and taxes are leakages.
B) taxes and government purchases are leakages,while investment and saving are injections.
C) taxes and savings are leakages,while investment and government purchases are injections.
D) taxes and investment are injections,while saving and government purchases are leakages.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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A $10 billion decrease in taxes will increase the equilibrium GDP by more than would a $10 billion increase in government expenditures.

A) True
B) False

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(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following consumption and investment data for a private closed economy.Figures are in billions of dollars. C = 60 + .6Y I = I0 = 30 Refer to the data.The equilibrium level of income (Y) is:


A) 360.
B) 225.
C) 200.
D) 135.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following information for a private closed economy,where Ig is gross investment,S is saving,and Y is gross domestic product (GDP) . Ig=Ig=80 S=80+0.4Y\begin{array} { l } I _ { g } = \overline { I _ { g } } = 80 \\\mathrm {~S} = - 80 + 0.4 \mathrm { Y }\end{array} Refer to the information.In equilibrium saving will be:


A) $40.
B) $120.
C) $60.
D) $80.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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D

In a private closed economy,when aggregate expenditures exceed GDP:


A) GDP will decline.
B) business inventories will rise.
C) saving will decline.
D) business inventories will fall.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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D

In which of the following situations for a mixed open economy will the level of GDP expand?


A) When Ig + X + G exceeds Sa + M + T.
B) When Sa + T + M exceeds Ig + G + X.
C) When GDP exceeds Ca + Ig + G + Xn.
D) When Ig + M + T exceeds Ca + X + S.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Other things equal,a serious recession in the economies of U.S.trading partners will:


A) have no perceptible impact on the U.S.economy.
B) cause inflation in the U.S.economy.
C) depress real output and employment in the U.S.economy.
D) stimulate real output and employment in the U.S.economy.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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In an aggregate expenditures diagram,equal increases in government spending and in lump-sum taxes will:


A) shift the aggregate expenditures line downward.
B) shift the aggregate expenditures line upward.
C) leave the aggregate expenditures line unchanged.
D) reduce the equilibrium GDP.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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