Question 1

Each branch on a cladogram is a clade distinguished by characteristics that appear only in its members.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The ocean is named:

Accepted Answer

A)  Pangaea
B)  Laurasia
C)  Gondwana
D)  Oceana
E)  PanthalassaF) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Absolute dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Accepted Answer

A)  Depth within rock layers
B)  Radioactive isotopes
C)  A molecular clock
D)  Structural features
E)  Embryonic structuresF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following is least likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  A bone or shell
B)  A leaf or stem
C)  An organ like an eye or lung
D)  An complete large organism
E)  An organism that died on landF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

In a fruit fly embryo,the end that becomes the head will contain the protein bicoid.What would happen if you injected additional bicoid in the other end of the embryo?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would fail to develop a head
B)  It would develop two heads
C)  Legs would grow out of its head
D)  It would not grow legs
E)  It would not have segmentsF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  A leaf or stem
B)  A bone or shell
C)  An organ like an eye or lung
D)  A complete large organism
E)  An organism that died on landF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Potassiam-40 is useful in determining the age of a fossil:

Accepted Answer

A)  In samples less than 25,000 years of age
B)  In samples less than 50,000 years of age
C)  In samples 300,000 years of age and older
D)  In samples aged between 50,000 and 100,000 years of age
E)  In samples aged between 100,000 years and 250,000 yearsF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The half life of 14C is 5730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8th the 14C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  5,730 x 2 = 11,460
B)  5,730 x 1 = 5,730
C)  5,730 x 8 = 42,960
D)  5,730 / 8 = 716
E)  5,730 x 3 = 17,190F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

In systematics,a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and some but not all of its descendents is defined as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Paraphyletic group
B)  Clade
C)  Cladogram
D)  Polyphyletic group
E)  None of the above are correctF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

One line of evidence that humans arose in Africa is the observation that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Africans have fewer genes
B)  Africans have slower molecular clocks
C)  African rRNA sequences place them in the domain Archaea
D)  Africans have the most diverse mitochondrial DNA sequences
E)  Africans have the most diverse nuclear DNA sequencesF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

A monophyletic group is a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and all of its descendants,also known as a clade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Fossils may be:

Accepted Answer

A)  From impressions left after an organism decays
B)  Formed as organic matter is replaced by minerals, turning to stone
C)  Formed when plant resin or tar preserves the specimen
D)  Casts from footprints that have filled with mud and then turned to stone
E)  All are correctF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The number of differences between human cytochrome c and cytochrome c of some other organisms is as follows: Rhesus monkey - 1 difference; Pigeon - 12 differences; Fruit fly - 24 differences.The order in which these species are most similar to humans is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhesus monkey, pigeon, fruit fly
B)  Pigeon, Rhesus monkey, fruit fly
C)  Pigeon, fruit fly, Rhesus monkey
D)  Rhesus monkey, fruit fly, pigeon
E)  Fruit fly, pigeon, Rhesus monkeyF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

How could scientists get chickens to increase the expression of the gene that regulates beak size?

Accepted Answer

A)  By introducing a mutation into the part of the gene that codes for amino acids
B)  By removing introns from the gene
C)  By increasing transcription factor binding to the promoter
D)  By increasing the size of the gene
E)  By increasing the number of exons in the geneF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Some dinosaurs and birds share characteristics that make flight possible such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hollow bones
B)  A horizontal back
C)  A short tail
D)  A bipedal stance
E)  All are correctF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Skeletal organization relating to limbs used for movement in vertebrates would be an example of homologous structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Within the country of Indonesia,the island of Sumatra has tigers and rhinos,while to the East,the island of Sulawesi has cockatoos and tree kangaroos.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The climates on the two islands are very different, allowing some species to survive, and others not.
B)  Some species can migrate between islands and others cannot.
C)  Animals in Sumatra evolved independently, while those in Sulawesi came from Australia.
D)  Animals in Sumatra came from Asia, while those in Sulawesi came from Australia
E)  Animals in Sumatra and Sulawesi both came from Asia, but those in Sulawesi migrated farther.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

When ocean levels dropped about 70 million years ago,marsupial mammals moved into North America and displaced many of the placental mammal species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

After the drought in 1977,what happened to the medium ground finches that eat smaller seeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their beaks became smaller
B)  Their beaks did not change in size
C)  Their beaks became larger
D)  They began eating insects
E)  They migrated to other islandsF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The landmass is named:

Accepted Answer

A)  Panthalassa
B)  Pangaea
C)  Laurasia
D)  Gondwana
E)  Ultima ContinentaF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 12: Evidence for Evolution

Within the country of Indonesia,the island of Sumatra has tigers and rhinos,while to the East,the island of Sulawesi has cockatoos and tree kangaroos.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the drought in 1977,what happened to the medium ground finches that eat smaller seeds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some dinosaurs and birds share characteristics that make flight possible such as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The half life of 14C is 5730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8th the 14C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is least likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The ocean is named:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skeletal organization relating to limbs used for movement in vertebrates would be an example of homologous structures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Absolute dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A monophyletic group is a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and all of its descendants,also known as a clade.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The landmass is named:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In systematics,a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and some but not all of its descendents is defined as a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a fruit fly embryo,the end that becomes the head will contain the protein bicoid.What would happen if you injected additional bicoid in the other end of the embryo?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Potassiam-40 is useful in determining the age of a fossil:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each branch on a cladogram is a clade distinguished by characteristics that appear only in its members.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of differences between human cytochrome c and cytochrome c of some other organisms is as follows: Rhesus monkey - 1 difference; Pigeon - 12 differences; Fruit fly - 24 differences.The order in which these species are most similar to humans is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One line of evidence that humans arose in Africa is the observation that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When ocean levels dropped about 70 million years ago,marsupial mammals moved into North America and displaced many of the placental mammal species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fossils may be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How could scientists get chickens to increase the expression of the gene that regulates beak size?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The half life of ¹⁴C is 5730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8^th the ¹⁴C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

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