Question 1

The distribution of mammalian fossils on Australia,South America and Africa help support continental drift.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The first cells gave rise to

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria and archaea.
B)  archaea and protists.
C)  bacteria and fungi.
D)  eukaryotes and bacteria.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The formation of simple organic monomers,such as sugars,amino acids,and nucleotide bases,from inorganic molecules is

Accepted Answer

A)  biosynthesis.
B)  genetically modified photosynthesis.
C)  abiotic synthesis.
D)  chemoautotrophic activity.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following major divisions of geologic time is mismatched with the organisms that flourished during that time period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carboniferous Period-Age of Amphibians
B)  Mesozoic Era-Age of Reptiles
C)  Cambrian Period-Age of Fish
D)  Cenozoic Era-Age of Homo sapiensE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

________ discovered that a variety of amino acids and organic acids could be produced in the laboratory in a reducing atmosphere with electrical sparks.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Miller
B)  Graham Cairns-Smith
C)  Thomas Cech
D)  Aleksander Oparin
E)  Sidney FoxF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The oxidizing atmosphere probably developed approximately _____ billion years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5
B)  2.0
C)  3.5
D)  4.5E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Organisms today are living in the Pleistocene epoch of the Cenozoic era.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

If the hypothesis that protocells were based on an "RNA world" is correct,what would be necessary to shift to a "DNA world"?

Accepted Answer

A)  an enzyme or reaction capable of removing one oxygen from ribose in nucleotides
B)  enzymes for reverse transcription of RNA into DNA
C)  new enzymes to replicate the DNA
D)  new enzymes for transcribing DNA back to RNA
E)  All would be necessary to switch to a "DNA world."F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

The Earth's primitive atmosphere was produced primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  outgassing from the Earth's interior.
B)  gravitational energy.
C)  radioactivity.
D)  All of the choices are true.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which piece of evidence would best support the theory of continental drift?

Accepted Answer

A)  The east coast of Africa matches up with the western coast of South America.
B)  The reptilian diversity on Earth is very different due to the separation of the continents billions of years ago.
C)  Australia,South America and Africa all share a similar mammalian fauna due to the lineage being present on Gondwana.
D)  Fossils of seed ferns can only be found on North America and Europe but no where else in the world.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

The dilemma of whether proteins or nucleic acids were formed first is avoided by the

Accepted Answer

A)  protein-first hypothesis.
B)  RNA-first hypothesis.
C)  clay-catalyst hypothesis.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 12

The term "reducing atmosphere" for the early Earth means that the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)  was much thinner around the surface of the Earth than now.
B)  contained only two or three kinds of gases.
C)  contained little or no free oxygen.
D)  contained little or no free nitrogen.
E)  contained little or no carbon dioxide.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

It is likely that the protocell was

Accepted Answer

A)  heterotrophic.
B)  chemoautotrophic.
C)  photoautotrophic.
D)  All of the above.
E)  Either heterotrophic or chemoautotrophic.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Which statement is NOT true about the RNA-first hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is supported by the discovery that RNA can act as an enzyme.
B)  It is supported by the fact that some viruses have RNA as their genetic material.
C)  It suggests that there was an "RNA world" about 4 billion years ago.
D)  It says that first RNA,then DNA,and then proteins would have been necessary to interact in the chemical evolution that would have led to the development of the first cells.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The Greek terms for "small" and "ball" are the root words for

Accepted Answer

A)  proteinoid.
B)  polymer.
C)  microsphere.
D)  coacervate.
E)  liposome.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Huge meteor craters have been discovered through satellite imagery that support the theory of mass extinctions being caused by bolides that initiated climatic changes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which statement is NOT true about a protocell?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would have contained DNA as its genetic material.
B)  It would have been present before the development of a true cell.
C)  It would have had a lipid and protein membrane forming the outer layer.
D)  It would have contained a biochemical pathway for energy metabolism.
E)  It might have been like a coacervate droplet in which a semipermeable boundary allows some materials to be absorbed from the surrounding environment.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 18

___________ proposed that clay may have served as the site of polymerization of monomers to produce both nucleic acids and proteins at the same time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Miller
B)  Graham Cairns-Smith
C)  Thomas Cech
D)  Aleksander Oparin
E)  Sidney FoxF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following lists of mass extinctions and Eras is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Precambrian experienced 0,Paleozoic experienced 3,Mesozoic experienced 2 and the Cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
B)  The Precambrian experienced 2,Paleozoic experienced 2,Mesozoic experienced 3 and the Cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
C)  The Precambrian experienced 0,Paleozoic experienced 2,Mesozoic experienced 3 and the Cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
D)  The Precambrian experienced 1,Paleozoic experienced 3,Mesozoic experienced 2 and the Cretaceous experienced 1 mass extinctions.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

All of the following statements concerning the theory of continental drift are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the coastlines of several continents are mirror images.
B)  similar geological structures are found in areas where the continents touched.
C)  continental drift has ceased.
D)  the unique distribution patterns of several fossils is explained by continental drift.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 18: Origin and History of Life

It is likely that the protocell was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which piece of evidence would best support the theory of continental drift?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

___________ proposed that clay may have served as the site of polymerization of monomers to produce both nucleic acids and proteins at the same time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is NOT true about the RNA-first hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is NOT true about a protocell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following lists of mass extinctions and Eras is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The dilemma of whether proteins or nucleic acids were formed first is avoided by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first cells gave rise to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the hypothesis that protocells were based on an "RNA world" is correct,what would be necessary to shift to a "DNA world"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following statements concerning the theory of continental drift are true EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following major divisions of geologic time is mismatched with the organisms that flourished during that time period?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Greek terms for "small" and "ball" are the root words for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Earth's primitive atmosphere was produced primarily by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ discovered that a variety of amino acids and organic acids could be produced in the laboratory in a reducing atmosphere with electrical sparks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "reducing atmosphere" for the early Earth means that the atmosphere

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The distribution of mammalian fossils on Australia,South America and Africa help support continental drift.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of simple organic monomers,such as sugars,amino acids,and nucleotide bases,from inorganic molecules is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxidizing atmosphere probably developed approximately _____ billion years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms today are living in the Pleistocene epoch of the Cenozoic era.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Huge meteor craters have been discovered through satellite imagery that support the theory of mass extinctions being caused by bolides that initiated climatic changes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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