Question 1

Linnaean classification sometimes does not reconcile with cladistics because

Accepted Answer

A)   some organisms in the same clade do not have a shared derived trait.
B)   some organisms in the same taxon are not in the same clade.
C)   all organisms with a shared derived trait are in the same taxon.
D)   larger clades include more than one taxon.
E)   Linnaean classification does not follow the principle of parsimony.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The fossils of a new species of reptile are found in deposits dating to the Permian period. Later, scientists discover that fossils of the species changed somewhat over time, and can be found in deposits dating from the Permian period all the way up to the Cretaceous period. The fossils vary from one continent to another, but many seemingly intermediate forms are found, and the fossils are spread over most continents. The scientists' observations most strongly support which evolutionary models?

Accepted Answer

A)   allopatric speciation
B)   punctuated evolution
C)   adaptive radiation
D)   both allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation
E)   gradualistic evolutionF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Accepted Answer

A)   molecular evidence and anatomical homologies.
B)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, and fossil records.
C)   molecular evidence, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.
D)   molecular evidence and fossil records.
E)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of sympatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   two populations of salamanders that live on isolated islands and eventually become separate species, unable to interbreed
B)   different breeds of dog, which live in different areas of the world, but are able to produce fertile offspring
C)   a horse and a donkey, which may interbreed to produce a mule, which is sterile and unable to reproduce
D)   two related plant species living in the same area that hybridize, then undergo chromosome doubling, which results in the creation of a third species of plant that is unable to reproduce with either of the two original species
E)   three species that evolve from a common ancestral species due to reproductive isolation, and adaptation to different habitatsF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of characters in a clade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

All of the following are criteria by which a species may be defined except

Accepted Answer

A)   the ability to reproduce.
B)   possession of a shared gene pool.
C)   ability to hybridize through interbreeding.
D)   reproductive isolation.
E)   the ability to produce fertile offspring.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about the previous cladogram and the characters used to derive it?

Accepted Answer

A)   Three-chambered heart is the most inclusive character on the cladogram.
B)   The snake and lizard share a common ancestor that does not have the characters internal fertilization or amniotic membrane in egg.
C)   The character notochord in embryo is shared by the common ancestor to all of the organisms on the cladogram.
D)   The two organisms furthest from each other on the cladogram share only two common characters.
E)   The character long cylindrical body is useful in placing the snake and eel into the cladogram.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Similarities due to convergent evolution are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   analogy
B)   homology
C)   taxonomy
D)   phylogeny
E)   cladisticsF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)   genus - family - order - class - phylum
B)   phylum - order - class - family - species
C)   genus - order - family - class - phylum
D)   family - order - class - phylum - kingdom
E)   domain - kingdom - phylum - class - orderF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Shared derived traits are found in all members of the ingroup of a clade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Accepted Answer

A)   The two species occupy different habitats.
B)   The two species are active during different parts of the day.
C)   The two species mate during different times of the year.
D)   The two species have incompatible genitalia.
E)   The two species can mate, but the offspring are sterile.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is a period of no change interrupted by speciation.
B)   Transitional fossils are less likely to be found.
C)   It is difficult to determine when speciation occurred.
D)   It often involves an isolated subpopulation.
E)   Speciation often occurs rapidly.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

A phylogenetic tree

Accepted Answer

A)   indicates common ancestors.
B)   indicates the organism's taxon.
C)   uses only derived characters.
D)   indicates common ancestors for each family.
E)   also includes the organism's order and class.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple. This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   mechanical isolation
B)   habitat isolation
C)   temporal isolation
D)   hybrid sterility
E)   gamete isolationF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following would be considered a separate species as defined by the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   the red maple and the sugar maple, which are found throughout large parts of North America, but rarely hybridize
B)   two populations of fox squirrels, one that lives on a hillside, and one that lives in the river valley
C)   two populations of North American orioles, one that lives on the east coast, and one that lives on the west coast
D)   separate populations of bobcats, one that lives on a rocky slope, and one that lives in an upland forest several miles distant
E)   the Chihuahua and the Siberian husky, two different breeds of dogF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)   Era - Period - Epoch
B)   Epoch - Period - Era
C)   Era - Epoch - Period
D)   Epoch - Era - Period
E)   Period - Epoch - EraF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Figure: 
-In the figure shown here, the letter W represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   the common ancestor for Y and Z
B)   the common ancestor for U
C)   the ancestor for Z
D)   the common ancestor for X and Y
E)   the common ancestor for X, Y, and ZF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Figure: 
-In the figure shown here, which of the following organisms would have the same shared derived trait?

Accepted Answer

A)   W, Y, and Z
B)   W, X, Y, and Z
C)   V, W, X, and Y
D)   X, Y, and Z
E)   U, V, W, and ZF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Three species that arose as a result of adaptive radiation are organized on a cladogram. On this cladogram, two of the species would likely share several characters not present in the third.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

Similarities due to convergent evolution are called __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Correct Answer
verified

Shared derived traits are found in all members of the ingroup of a clade.

Correct Answer
verified

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple. This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Correct Answer
verified

A phylogenetic tree

Correct Answer
verified

Three species that arose as a result of adaptive radiation are organized on a cladogram. On this cladogram, two of the species would likely share several characters not present in the third.

Correct Answer
verified

Figure: -In the figure shown here, which of the following organisms would have the same shared derived trait?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be considered a separate species as defined by the biological species concept?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Correct Answer
verified

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of characters in a clade.

Correct Answer
verified

Figure: -In the figure shown here, the letter W represents which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true about the previous cladogram and the characters used to derive it?

Correct Answer
verified

Linnaean classification sometimes does not reconcile with cladistics because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of sympatric speciation?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are criteria by which a species may be defined except

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Correct Answer
verified

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

Similarities due to convergent evolution are called __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shared derived traits are found in all members of the ingroup of a clade.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple. This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phylogenetic tree

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three species that arose as a result of adaptive radiation are organized on a cladogram. On this cladogram, two of the species would likely share several characters not present in the third.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure: -In the figure shown here, which of the following organisms would have the same shared derived trait?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be considered a separate species as defined by the biological species concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of characters in a clade.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure: -In the figure shown here, the letter W represents which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about the previous cladogram and the characters used to derive it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Linnaean classification sometimes does not reconcile with cladistics because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of sympatric speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are criteria by which a species may be defined except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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