A) possess a common ancestor.
B) can interbreed, but not produce fertile offspring.
C) are reproductively isolated from each other.
D) have a shared gene pool.
E) can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
G) All of the above
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B) False
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A) in only the two most recent ancestors.
B) only among the members of the ingroup.
C) in both the outgroup and the ingroup.
D) in two of the outgroups.
E) only in the most distant ancestor.
G) B) and D)
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A) two populations of salamanders that live on isolated islands and eventually become separate species, unable to interbreed
B) different breeds of dog, which live in different areas of the world, but are able to produce fertile offspring
C) a horse and a donkey, which may interbreed to produce a mule, which is sterile and unable to reproduce
D) two related plant species living in the same area that hybridize, then undergo chromosome doubling, which results in the creation of a third species of plant that is unable to reproduce with either of the two original species
E) three species that evolve from a common ancestral species due to reproductive isolation, and adaptation to different habitats
G) D) and E)
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A) some organisms in the same clade do not have a shared derived trait.
B) some organisms in the same taxon are not in the same clade.
C) all organisms with a shared derived trait are in the same taxon.
D) larger clades include more than one taxon.
E) Linnaean classification does not follow the principle of parsimony.
G) None of the above
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A) have identical functions.
B) have fully divergent functions.
C) are also called analogous structures.
D) are shared by organisms of the same genus.
E) are often shared by organisms in the same line of descent.
G) A) and C)
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B) False
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A) specific epithet.
B) genus.
C) binomial name.
D) family name.
E) order name.
G) B) and D)
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A) Era - Period - Epoch
B) Epoch - Period - Era
C) Era - Epoch - Period
D) Epoch - Era - Period
E) Period - Epoch - Era
G) A) and D)
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A) There is a period of no change interrupted by speciation.
B) Transitional fossils are less likely to be found.
C) It is difficult to determine when speciation occurred.
D) It often involves an isolated subpopulation.
E) Speciation often occurs rapidly.
G) A) and E)
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A) allopatric speciation
B) adaptive radiation
C) sympatric speciation
D) both allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation
E) both sympatric speciation and adaptive radiation
G) C) and D)
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A) resulting species are reproductively isolated or not.
B) gene flow continues to occur or not.
C) two or three species result.
D) geographic isolation is required or not.
E) the new species are separated by a prezygotic or postzygotic isolating mechanism.
G) A) and C)
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A) an outgroup and an ingroup
B) a common ancestor and all its descendant species
C) one taxa with shared derived characters
D) both an ancestor and all its descendant species, and taxa with shared derived characters
E) the ingroup only
G) A) and B)
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A) indicates common ancestors.
B) indicates the organism's taxon.
C) uses only derived characters.
D) indicates common ancestors for each family.
E) also includes the organism's order and class.
G) A) and C)
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