Question 1

The ring-like muscles that prevent the backflow of partially digested food within the gastrointestinal tract are called

Accepted Answer

A)  sphincters.
B)  passages.
C)  channels.
D)  gates.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Water,dietary fiber,bacterial cells,and worn-out intestinal cells are components of

Accepted Answer

A)  feces.
B)  bile.
C)  urine.
D)  lymph.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

What percentage of a meal has been absorbed by the time it leaves the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  25%
B)  55%
C)  80%
D)  95%E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The function of thick mucus in the stomach is to

Accepted Answer

A)  promote fat digestion.
B)  activate stomach enzymes.
C)  protect stomach cells from acid and enzymes.
D)  keep the stomach bacteria-free.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The physical barriers of the skin and GI tract support the ______ immune response.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonspecific (innate) 
B)  specific (adaptive) C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 6

The _____ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism,reproduction,water balance,and many other functions.

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary
B)  lymphatic
C)  endocrine
D)  cardiovascularE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Which of the following organs serves as a storage depot for many vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver
B)  Stomach
C)  Kidney
D)  BrainE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutral
B)  Acidic
C)  BasicD) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Question 9

To which body part does blood travel to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart
B)  Lungs
C)  Liver
D)  KidneysE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The epiglottis

Accepted Answer

A)  covers the opening of the stomach.
B)  prevents food from entering the windpipe during swallowing.
C)  regulates the movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine.
D)  is the first GI tract sphincter.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is not a sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duodenal
B)  Esophageal
C)  Pyloric
D)  IleocecalE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

A(n) ______ is a medication that inhibits the ability of gastric cells to secrete hydrogen ions.

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotic
B)  proton pump inhibitor
C)  antacid
D)  NSAIDE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

In passive absorption,nutrients enter the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  with a carrier.
B)  with the expenditure of energy.
C)  from an area of higher solute concentration to one of lower concentration.
D)  from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher concentration.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bile
B)  Emulsifiers
C)  Enzymes
D)  HormonesE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein directly to the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys.
B)  heart.
C)  liver.
D)  pancreas.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

Accepted Answer

A)  pyloric sphincter.
B)  lower esophageal sphincter.
C)  sphincter of Oddi.
D)  ileocecal sphincter.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrigenomics.
B)  nutrigenetics.
C)  nutritional biochemistry.
D)  genetic engineering.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is an important dietary recommendation for avoiding heartburn?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eat smaller meals that are lower in fat.
B)  Consume milk or cream with meals.
C)  Eat meals low in carbohydrate.
D)  Avoid fluids.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients,transporting them to the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hepatic portal vein
B)  Mesenteric vein
C)  Subclavian vein
D)  Renal veinE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

What substance helps suspend fat in a watery digestive mixture,making fat more available to digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bicarbonate
B)  Mucus
C)  Bile
D)  Pancreatic juicesE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Exam 3: The Human Body: A Nutrition Perspective

What substance helps suspend fat in a watery digestive mixture,making fat more available to digestive enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following organs serves as a storage depot for many vitamins and minerals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To which body part does blood travel to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water,dietary fiber,bacterial cells,and worn-out intestinal cells are components of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ring-like muscles that prevent the backflow of partially digested food within the gastrointestinal tract are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) ______ is a medication that inhibits the ability of gastric cells to secrete hydrogen ions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein directly to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important dietary recommendation for avoiding heartburn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a sphincter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of thick mucus in the stomach is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epiglottis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism,reproduction,water balance,and many other functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients,transporting them to the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In passive absorption,nutrients enter the cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The physical barriers of the skin and GI tract support the ______ immune response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of a meal has been absorbed by the time it leaves the small intestine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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