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Under the five extended least squares assumptions, the homoskedasticity-only t-distribution in this chapter


A) has a Student t distribution with n-2 degrees of freedom.
B) has a normal distribution.
C) converges in distribution to a xn22x _ { n - 2 } ^ { 2 } distribution.
D) has a Student t distribution with n degrees of freedom.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Finite-sample distributions of the OLS estimator and t-statistics are complicated, unless


A) the regressors are all normally distributed.
B) the regression errors are homoskedastic and normally distributed, conditional on X1,... Xn.
C) the Gauss-Markov Theorem applies.
D) the regressor is also endogenous.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Estimation by WLS


A) although harder than OLS, will always produce a smaller variance.
B) does not mean that you should use homoskedasticity-only standard errors on the transformed equation.
C) requires quite a bit of knowledge about the conditional variance function.
D) makes it very hard to interpret the coefficients, since the data is now weighted and not any longer in its original form.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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You need to adjust Su^2S _ {\hat{ u }} ^ { 2 } by the degrees of freedom to ensure that Su^2S _ {\hat{ u }} ^ { 2 } is


A) an unbiased estimator of σu2\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 }
B) a consistent estimator of σu2\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 }
C) efficient in small samples.
D) F-distributed.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Slutsky's theorem combines the Law of Large Numbers


A) with continuous functions.
B) and the normal distribution.
C) and the Central Limit Theorem.
D) with conditions for the unbiasedness of an estimator.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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(Requires Appendix material)If the Gauss-Markov conditions hold, then OLS is BLUE. In addition, assume here that X is nonrandom. Your textbook proves the Gauss-Markov theorem by using the simple regression model Yi = β0 + β1Xi + ui and assuming a linear estimator β~1=i=1naiYi\widetilde { \beta } _ { 1 } = \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { i } Y _ { i } Substitution of the simple regression model into this expression then results in two conditions for the unbiasedness of the estimator: i=1nai\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { i } = 0 and i=1naiXi\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { i } X _ { i } = 1. The variance of the estimator is var( β~1\tilde { \beta } _ { 1 } | X1,…, Xn)= σu2\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 } i=1nai2\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { i } ^ { 2 } Different from your textbook, use the Lagrangian method to minimize the variance subject to the two constraints. Show that the resulting weights correspond to the OLS weights.

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Define the Lagrangian as follows:
L = blured image_T...

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Besides the Central Limit Theorem, the other cornerstone of asymptotic distribution theory is the


A) normal distribution.
B) OLS estimator.
C) Law of Large Numbers.
D) Slutsky's theorem.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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E (1n2i=1nu^i2) \left(\frac { 1 } { n - 2 } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } \hat { u } _ { i } ^ { 2 }\right )


A) is the expected value of the homoskedasticity only standard errors.
B) = σu2\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 }
C) exists only asymptotically.
D) = σu2\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 } /(n-2) .

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The OLS estimator is a linear estimator, β^\hat { \beta } 1 = i=1na^iYi\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } \hat { a } _ { i } Y _ { i } , where a^\hat a i =


A) XiXˉj=1n(XjXˉ) 2\frac { X _ { i } - \bar { X } } { \sum _ { j = 1 } ^ { n } \left( X _ { j } - \bar { X } \right) ^ { 2 } }
B) 1n\frac { 1 } { n }
C) XiXˉj=1n(XjXˉ) \frac { X _ { i } - \bar { X } } { \sum _ { j = 1 } ^ { n } \left( X _ { j } - \bar { X } \right) }
D) Xij=1n(XjXˉ) 2\frac { X _ { i } } { \sum _ { j = 1 } ^ { n } \left( X _ { j } - \bar { X } \right) ^ { 2 } }

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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