Question 1

Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   person-to-person differences within cultural groups are larger than differences between cultural groups.
B)   differences among cultural groups largely reflect genetic differences among racial groups.
C)   gender differences in behavior result from differences in biology rather than from differences in life experiences.
D)   developmental processes differ greatly among individuals raised in different cultures.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

An elaborate ceremony used to celebrate a person's emergence into adulthood is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)   postconventional morality.
B)   role confusion.
C)   pruning process.
D)   rite of passage.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

When pregnant rats drink alcohol,their young offspring later display a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   immunity to fetal alcohol syndrome.
B)   aversion to the taste of alcohol.
C)   unusually rapid development of bladder control.
D)   liking for the taste and odor of alcohol.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

In explaining pair-bonding among humans,it has been suggested that parents who cooperated to nurture their children to maturity were more likely to have their genes passed on to future generations.This best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   neurological
B)   cross-sectional
C)   evolutionary
D)   longitudinalE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Ismael has switched his college major several times while trying to figure out what kind of work he might like to do.Erikson would have suggested that Ismael lacks

Accepted Answer

A)   identity.
B)   initiative.
C)   autonomy.
D)   competence.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Kohlberg emphasized that human behavior becomes less selfish as we mature because of our

Accepted Answer

A)   social development.
B)   physical development.
C)   cognitive development.
D)   economic development.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The differences among adults' abilities to learn and remember are greatest among those in their

Accepted Answer

A)   forties.
B)   fifties.
C)   sixties.
D)   seventies.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Compared with many Asian and African parents,today's Westernized parents are more likely to teach their children to value

Accepted Answer

A)   obedience.
B)   emotional closeness.
C)   independence.
D)   family traditions.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Avoiding physical punishment is to ________ morality as respecting the laws of society is to ________ morality.

Accepted Answer

A)   conventional;postconventional
B)   preconventional;postconventional
C)   conventional;preconventional
D)   preconventional;conventionalE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The improved judgment and impulse control that occur as adolescents grow older is made possible by the development of the

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus.
B)   cerebellum.
C)   frontal lobes.
D)   limbic system.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Compared with authoritarian parents,authoritative parents are likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)   more conservative.
B)   less educated.
C)   more responsive.
D)   less trusting.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The preferred age for retirement is quite different in Mexico than in Western Europe.This best illustrates that ________ differs from culture to culture.

Accepted Answer

A)   the maturational cycle
B)   an empty nest
C)   terminal decline
D)   the social clockE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Researchers who emphasize learning and experience tend to view development as

Accepted Answer

A)   a continuous process,while those who emphasize maturation often view development as a sequence of stages.
B)   a sequence of stages,while those who emphasize maturation often view development as a continuous process.
C)   a cognitive process,while those who emphasize maturation often view development as a social process.
D)   a social process,while those who emphasize maturation often view development as a cognitive process.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

Mr.Lambers refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons.Mr.Lambers' reasoning best illustrates Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   postconventional
B)   intuitionist
C)   preconventional
D)   conventionalE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

During the course of successful prenatal development,a human organism begins as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   zygote and finally develops into an embryo.
B)   embryo and finally develops into a fetus.
C)   zygote and finally develops into a fetus.
D)   fetus and finally develops into an embryo.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

In recall and recognition tests of memory for recently learned material,older adults are more likely than young adults to have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)   recalling meaningful material.
B)   recognizing meaningful material.
C)   recalling meaningless material.
D)   recognizing meaningless material.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

In one study of more than 900 New Zealanders,emotionally reactive and impulsive 3-year-olds developed into somewhat more impulsive and conflict-prone 21-year-olds.This best illustrates the long-term stability of

Accepted Answer

A)   temperament.
B)   adaptive capacity.
C)   epigenetic marks.
D)   object permanence.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Even though Alicia was busy playing when her mother came to pick her up from her babysitter,she quickly ran to her mother,gesturing to be held.Alicia most clearly showed signs of

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation.
B)   stranger anxiety.
C)   secure attachment.
D)   egocentrism.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

By a week after birth,infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' ________ and that of another nursing mother.

Accepted Answer

A)   face
B)   smell
C)   temperament
D)   tender touchE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Erikson suggested that the capacity to form close,loving relationships in young adulthood depended on

Accepted Answer

A)   demonstrating generativity.
B)   developing a sense of integrity.
C)   mastering formal operational thinking.
D)   achieving a sense of identity.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 4: Developing Through the Life Span

The preferred age for retirement is quite different in Mexico than in Western Europe.This best illustrates that ________ differs from culture to culture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Avoiding physical punishment is to ________ morality as respecting the laws of society is to ________ morality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In explaining pair-bonding among humans,it has been suggested that parents who cooperated to nurture their children to maturity were more likely to have their genes passed on to future generations.This best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ismael has switched his college major several times while trying to figure out what kind of work he might like to do.Erikson would have suggested that Ismael lacks

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An elaborate ceremony used to celebrate a person's emergence into adulthood is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Lambers refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons.Mr.Lambers' reasoning best illustrates Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with authoritarian parents,authoritative parents are likely to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When pregnant rats drink alcohol,their young offspring later display a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with many Asian and African parents,today's Westernized parents are more likely to teach their children to value

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even though Alicia was busy playing when her mother came to pick her up from her babysitter,she quickly ran to her mother,gesturing to be held.Alicia most clearly showed signs of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the course of successful prenatal development,a human organism begins as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The differences among adults' abilities to learn and remember are greatest among those in their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kohlberg emphasized that human behavior becomes less selfish as we mature because of our

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The improved judgment and impulse control that occur as adolescents grow older is made possible by the development of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one study of more than 900 New Zealanders,emotionally reactive and impulsive 3-year-olds developed into somewhat more impulsive and conflict-prone 21-year-olds.This best illustrates the long-term stability of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In recall and recognition tests of memory for recently learned material,older adults are more likely than young adults to have difficulty

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erikson suggested that the capacity to form close,loving relationships in young adulthood depended on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By a week after birth,infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' ________ and that of another nursing mother.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers who emphasize learning and experience tend to view development as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Avoiding physical punishment is to morality as respecting the laws of society is to morality.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified