Question 1

Create a formal hypothesis about the relationship between student engagement in college and academic performance.Identify the independent and dependent variables,and operationalize these variables.Explain why your operationalization scheme is valid.

Accepted Answer

The hypothesis should be stated in causa...

Question 2

Define causality,and list and define the three factors that are needed for it to be established.

Accepted Answer

Causality is the notion that a change in...

Question 3

There are advantages and disadvantages to different interview techniques.What might be an advantage that structured interviews have over unstructured (open-ended) interviews?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is easier to ask more personal questions.
B)   It is easier to make careful tabulations and comparisons of answers.
C)   It is easier to get more detailed information.
D)   It is easier to develop a rapport with the respondent.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is more difficult to do in social science research?

Accepted Answer

A)   say that two things change at the same time
B)   establish that something is the cause of something else
C)   argue that two things are related
D)   propose a relationship between two variablesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Many colleges and universities have gone to an online system for evaluating teaching effectiveness.Although this process guarantees anonymity,the completion rate (percentage of students who fill out evaluations) has dropped.Which of the following is NOT a significant problem with low response rates in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Students who complete the survey may be different in significant ways from those who do not.
B)   Students who do not complete the evaluations may end up taking the wrong classes.
C)   Only students who like their instructors may complete the evaluations.
D)   Instructors may not get accurate feedback about their teaching methods.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

A correlation is a:

Accepted Answer

A)   change in one variable that is caused by another.
B)   simultaneous change in two variables.
C)   relationship between two moderating variables.
D)   relationship between cause and effect.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 7

Distinguish between deductive and inductive approaches to research.

Accepted Answer

After a researcher decides on a research...

Question 8

The two broad approaches social scientists use to gather data about the social world are:

Accepted Answer

A)   deductive and inductive.
B)   qualitative and quantitative.
C)   implicit and explicit.
D)   correlational and causal.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

In social research,a hypothesis is a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   educated guess.
B)   proposed relationship between two or more variables.
C)   description for why a particular social phenomenon occurs.
D)   explanation for why two variables are correlated.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The main reason that achieving high response rates and limiting selection bias are so important is that they lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing generalizability.
B)   decreasing generalizability.
C)   increasing validity.
D)   decreasing validity.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Factors that affect the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   operationalized variables.
B)   moderating variables.
C)   interfering variables.
D)   spurious variables.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Comparative research usually involves studying:

Accepted Answer

A)   two cultures that have virtually nothing in common in order to determine why they are so different.
B)   two cultures that have a good number of things in common but differ in one important dimension-this dimension becomes the subject of the study.
C)   several groups within a particular culture in order to identify how and why they differ from the dominant culture.
D)   a dominant and subordinate group in a particular culture to determine the ways in which their activities continue to reproduce inequalities.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following describes the deductive approach to research?

Accepted Answer

A)   A researcher makes some observations and develops a theory based onThese observations.
B)   A researcher develops some hypotheses to explain a correlation observed between two variables.
C)   A researcher starts with a theory, forms hypotheses, makes observations, and then analyzes the data.
D)   A researcher develops some hypotheses that lead to a theory about human behavior.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

What type of research describes people's behavior in rich detail and focuses on the meanings people give to their actions?

Accepted Answer

A)   inductive
B)   qualitative
C)   quantitative
D)   deductiveE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which approach to sociological research starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   statistical
B)   observational
C)   inductive
D)   deductiveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

The three factors needed to establish causality are:

Accepted Answer

A)   correlation, a hypothesis, and deductive analysis.
B)   ruling out alternative explanations, time order, and moderating variables.
C)   a case study, correlation, and time order sequencing.
D)   correlation, time order, and ruling out alternative explanations.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following factors is needed to establish causality?

Accepted Answer

A)   validity
B)   time order
C)   spuriousness
D)   panel study resultsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: Methods

There are advantages and disadvantages to different interview techniques.What might be an advantage that structured interviews have over unstructured (open-ended) interviews?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describes the deductive approach to research?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The main reason that achieving high response rates and limiting selection bias are so important is that they lead to:

Correct Answer
verified

What type of research describes people's behavior in rich detail and focuses on the meanings people give to their actions?

Correct Answer
verified

In social research,a hypothesis is a(n) :

Correct Answer
verified

Create a formal hypothesis about the relationship between student engagement in college and academic performance.Identify the independent and dependent variables,and operationalize these variables.Explain why your operationalization scheme is valid.

Correct Answer
verified
The hypothesis should be stated in causa...
View Answer

Which approach to sociological research starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is more difficult to do in social science research?

Correct Answer
verified

Distinguish between deductive and inductive approaches to research.

Correct Answer
verified
After a researcher decides on a research...
View Answer

The two broad approaches social scientists use to gather data about the social world are:

Correct Answer
verified

The three factors needed to establish causality are:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following factors is needed to establish causality?

Correct Answer
verified

A correlation is a:

Correct Answer
verified

Comparative research usually involves studying:

Correct Answer
verified

Factors that affect the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable are known as:

Correct Answer
verified

Define causality,and list and define the three factors that are needed for it to be established.

Correct Answer
verified
Causality is the notion that a change in...
View Answer

Exam 2: Methods

There are advantages and disadvantages to different interview techniques.What might be an advantage that structured interviews have over unstructured (open-ended) interviews?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes the deductive approach to research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main reason that achieving high response rates and limiting selection bias are so important is that they lead to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of research describes people's behavior in rich detail and focuses on the meanings people give to their actions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In social research,a hypothesis is a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Create a formal hypothesis about the relationship between student engagement in college and academic performance.Identify the independent and dependent variables,and operationalize these variables.Explain why your operationalization scheme is valid.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe hypothesis should be stated in causa...View AnswerShow Answer

Which approach to sociological research starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is more difficult to do in social science research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between deductive and inductive approaches to research.

Correct AnswerverifiedAfter a researcher decides on a research...View AnswerShow Answer

The two broad approaches social scientists use to gather data about the social world are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three factors needed to establish causality are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is needed to establish causality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlation is a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparative research usually involves studying:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Factors that affect the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable are known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define causality,and list and define the three factors that are needed for it to be established.

Correct AnswerverifiedCausality is the notion that a change in...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The hypothesis should be stated in causa...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
After a researcher decides on a research...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Causality is the notion that a change in...
View Answer