Question 1

Remote sensing of chlorophyll a concentrations in the Earth's oceans has revealed that marine plankton biomass is

Accepted Answer

A)   nearly homogenous over huge expanses of ocean.
B)   highest in the open ocean.
C)   highest in the warmest waters.
D)   highest in the deepest waters.
E)   highest in cooler, upwelling areas near shore.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between number of bird species and the area of islands in the West Indies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Smaller islands support the fewest number of bird species.
B)   Larger islands support the fewest number of bird species.
C)   Intermediate sized islands support the greatest number of bird species.
D)   Intermediate sized islands support the fewest number of bird species.
E)   Island area has no affect on the number of bird species.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The scientific exploration of the New World by Alexander van Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland

Accepted Answer

A)   was limited to several coastal sites in modern day Ecuador.
B)   was limited to low elevation sites along the western coast of modern day Mexico.
C)   recorded altitudinal distributions of plants and animals.
D)   reached elevations as high as 3,000 m on the slopes of Chimborazo.
E)   both covered latitudes ranging from 12S to 52N and reached elevations as high as 3,000 m on the slopes of Chimborazo.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

The equilibrium model of island biogeography predicts that, once equilibrium is reached, an island will be occupied

Accepted Answer

A)   by an unchanging set of species as extinctions and immigrations stop.
B)   by an unchanging number of species, but extinctions and immigrations will continue.
C)   by a steadily increasing number of species.
D)   by a steadily decreasing number of species.
E)   only by species that evolved on that island.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Daniel Simberloff studied recolonization by

Accepted Answer

A)   birds on California islands after defaunation by storms.
B)   birds on California islands after defaunation by experimental fumigation.
C)   arthropods on Florida mangrove islands after defaunation by storms.
D)   arthropods on Florida mangrove islands after defaunation by experimental fumigation.
E)   small mammals on desert mountaintops after defaunation by climate change.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

A 100-year record of the colonization of Swedish islands by plants shows

Accepted Answer

A)   a diversity-area relationship becoming evident only after many years of colonization.
B)   a diversity-area relationship established early in colonization, but disappearing as smaller islands "caught up."
C)   diversity increasing to equilibrium on large islands, but equilibrium not yet reached on smaller ones.
D)   diversity increasing to equilibrium on small islands, but not on large ones.
E)   diversity increasing rapidly to equilibrium on all islands.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The largest fraction of land area on Earth is found in the

Accepted Answer

A)   tropics.
B)   temperate zone.
C)   boreal forests.
D)   tundra.
E)   Southern hemisphere.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

The equilibrium model of island biogeography explains diversity on islands as a balance between

Accepted Answer

A)   speciation and extinction.
B)   immigration and extinction.
C)   speciation and emigration.
D)   immigration and emigration.
E)   speciation and immigration.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

MacArthur and Wilson found as distance from New Guinea _______ the number of bird species on Pacific Islands ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases, decreases
B)   increases, increases
C)   decreases, decreases
D)   increases, remains constant
E)   Distance from New Guinea has no affect on the number of bird species.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above A

Question 10

Birds on oceanic islands have highest diversity on

Accepted Answer

A)   large islands close to the mainland.
B)   large islands far from the mainland.
C)   small islands close to the mainland.
D)   small islands far from the mainland.
E)   small islands of recent geologic origin.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Mean annual temperature

Accepted Answer

A)   is highest at the equator but decreases steadily above 10 latitude on either side of the equator.
B)   is highest at the equator but decreases exponentially above 10 latitude on either side of the equator.
C)   is highest at the equator but decreases exponentially above 50 latitude on either side of the equator.
D)   is highest at the equator but decreases linearly above 25 latitude on either side of the equator.
E)   is highest at the equator but decreases exponentially above 25 latitude on either side of the equator.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

A well-known exception to the usual dependency of diversity on latitude is the ___________ wasps.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A well-known exception to the usual dependency...

Question 13

The negative correlation between foliage height diversity and bird species diversity in South American beech forests is attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)   small area.
B)   isolation.
C)   cold temperatures.
D)   both small area and cold temperatures.
E)   both small area and isolation.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Computer software programs for storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically-structured data are known as _______________.

Accepted Answer

geographic...

Question 15

Which of the following is not a hypothesis proposed by ecologists to explain increased species diversity in the tropics?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased time since perturbation in the tropics over temperate regions
B)   increased productivity in the tropics over temperate regions
C)   increased environmental homogeneity in the tropics over temperate regions
D)   increased favorable environments in the tropics over temperate regions
E)   increased speciation rates and decreased extinction rates in the tropics over temperate regionsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

A positive relationship between area and species diversity is commonly observed for

Accepted Answer

A)   oceanic islands.
B)   lakes.
C)   wooded mountaintops in the American Southwest.
D)   All of the choices are correct.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The network of satellites allowing a handheld receiver to determine latitude, longitude, and altitude is known as a ______________.

Accepted Answer

global positioning system

Question 18

Diversity tends to increase with productivity, both in surveys across habitats and in experimental manipulations within habitats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The equilibrium model of island biogeography predicts

Accepted Answer

A)   the rate of extinction is greater for small islands.
B)   the rate of extinction is greater for large islands.
C)   the rate of immigration is greater for near islands.
D)   the rate of immigration is greater for far islands.
E)   both the rate of extinction is greater for small islands and the rate of immigration is greater for near islands.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D) E

Question 20

The number of montane mammal species ________ as the ______ of available habitat increases in the mountain ranges of the American Southwest.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases, isolation
B)   decreases, area
C)   remains constant, area
D)   increases, area
E)   remains constant, isolationF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 22: Geographic Ecology

Remote sensing of chlorophyll a concentrations in the Earth's oceans has revealed that marine plankton biomass is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between number of bird species and the area of islands in the West Indies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientific exploration of the New World by Alexander van Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The equilibrium model of island biogeography predicts that, once equilibrium is reached, an island will be occupied

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Daniel Simberloff studied recolonization by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 100-year record of the colonization of Swedish islands by plants shows

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The largest fraction of land area on Earth is found in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The equilibrium model of island biogeography explains diversity on islands as a balance between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MacArthur and Wilson found as distance from New Guinea _______ the number of bird species on Pacific Islands ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Birds on oceanic islands have highest diversity on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mean annual temperature

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A well-known exception to the usual dependency of diversity on latitude is the ___________ wasps.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The negative correlation between foliage height diversity and bird species diversity in South American beech forests is attributed to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Computer software programs for storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically-structured data are known as _______________.

Correct Answerverifiedgeographic...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is not a hypothesis proposed by ecologists to explain increased species diversity in the tropics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive relationship between area and species diversity is commonly observed for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The network of satellites allowing a handheld receiver to determine latitude, longitude, and altitude is known as a ______________.

Correct Answerverifiedglobal positioning system

Diversity tends to increase with productivity, both in surveys across habitats and in experimental manipulations within habitats.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The equilibrium model of island biogeography predicts

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The number of montane mammal species ________ as the ______ of available habitat increases in the mountain ranges of the American Southwest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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MacArthur and Wilson found as distance from New Guinea _ the number of bird species on Pacific Islands __.

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A

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geographic...
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global positioning system

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E

The number of montane mammal species __ as the of available habitat increases in the mountain ranges of the American Southwest.

Correct Answer
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