Question 1

In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed
B)   polymers are broken up to form monomers; added
C)   monomers are broken up to form polymers; added
D)   polymers are joined to form monomers; removed
E)   polymers are broken up to form monomers; removed To synthesize any type of biological molecule, an -H atom and an -OH group are removed. It is called a dehydration reaction because the equivalent of water is removed as the reaction occurs.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

DNA functions to ________, while RNA's function is to________.

Accepted Answer

A)   store the information to make a new organism; contain the information to make a new cell.
B)   store information to produce gametes; contain the information to make a protein.
C)   store information to produce proteins; contain the information to make a DNA.
D)   store the information to make RNA; contain the information to make a protein.
E)   store information to produce a new protein; contain the information to make mRNA. DNA serves as the template to create RNA, which is then used to produce the proteins needed by the cell to function.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)   peptide - amino acid - polypeptide
B)   amino acid - polypeptide - peptide
C)   amino acid - peptide - polypeptide
D)   protein - glycerol - amino acid
E)   disaccharide - polysaccharide - monosaccharide A peptide is two or more amino acids covalently bonded together, whereas a polypeptide is a chain of many amino acids joined together. When a polypeptide folds into a specific shape, it is then identified as a protein.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

When a person orders a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the following would be a false statement about the nutritional intake?

Accepted Answer

A)   Amino acids can be obtained from the hamburger patty.
B)   Glycogen will be obtained from the bun.
C)   Fat will be consumed from the mayonnaise.
D)   Cellulose will be consumed from the lettuce.
E)   Carbohydrates will be obtained from the tomato. The bun is comprised of starch molecules. Glycogen would not be found in this food as it is a type of polysaccharide used to store sugars in animals.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is not a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids forming proteins
B)   glycogen forming glucose molecules
C)   nucleotides forming DNA
D)   glucose units forming starch
E)   fatty acids and glycerol forming a fatF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parts X and Z are hydrophobic.
B)   Parts W and Z are hydrophilic.
C)   Parts X and Y are hydrophilic.
D)   Parts W and Y are hydrophobic.
E)   Parts W and X are hydrophilic. The hydrophilic polar head portion of a phospholipid is found on the outside margins closest to water exposure. The hydrophobic nonpolar tail portions are found on the inside of the membrane as far from water as possible.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following would describe a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

A)   fatty acids joined to glycerol by hydrolysis reactions
B)   glucose molecules joined by dehydration synthesis reactions
C)   nucleotides broken by hydrolysis reactions
D)   amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions
E)   a repeated sequence of carbon and hydrogen atomsF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Select the incorrect association.

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrates-provide the body with energy
B)   lipids-serve to insulate, protect, and store energy
C)   proteins-have three forms: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
D)   nucleic acids-include DNA and RNA, which control our genetic inheritance
E)   carbohydrates-include glucose, sucrose, and starch Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are all categories of carbohydrates, not forms of proteins.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following is an organic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   NaOH
B)   HCl
C)   CO2
D)   C6H12O6
E)   H2O Organic molecules are those that contain both carbon and hydrogen and may contain a variety of other elements.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   guanine
B)   thymine
C)   cytosine
D)   adenine
E)   uracil Uracil is found in RNA but is not found in DNA, while guanine, adenine, and cytosine are found in both.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   guanine
B)   thymine
C)   cytosine
D)   adenine
E)   uracil Thymine is found in DNA but is not found in RNA, while guanine, adenine, and cytosine are found in both.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

A nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components?

Accepted Answer

A)   a nitrogen-containing base, an amino acid, and a five-carbon sugar
B)   a nitrogen-containing base, an amino acid, and a phosphate group
C)   a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
D)   a nitrogen-containing base, a fatty acid, and an amino acid
E)   a long chain of glucose units A nucleotide is comprised of a phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, and nitrogenous base.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that

Accepted Answer

A)   are organic.
B)   make the entire molecule hydrophobic.
C)   prevent interaction with other molecules.
D)   react a certain way with other molecules.
E)   make the entire molecule hydrophilic. Functional groups are specific combinations of bonded atoms that always have the same chemical properties, thus always reacting in the same way.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 14

Glycogen is a ________ made of many ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   simple sugar; amino acids
B)   peptide; amino acids
C)   polymer; glucose molecules
D)   protein; fatty acids
E)   nucleic acid; nucleotides Glycogen is a type of polysaccharide. It is a polymer comprised of repeated glucose units.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. The components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is an)

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acid.
B)   carbohydrate.
C)   lipid.
D)   nucleic acid.
E)   protein. ATP is a modified adenine that has three phosphate groups, but in other aspects ATP is the same as adenine.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Atherosclerosis is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   fats with no double bonds.
B)   fats with double bonds.
C)   phospholipids.
D)   polyunsaturated fats.
E)   long protein chains. Saturated fats have no double bonds between the carbon atoms. They are linked to the promotion of a buildup of fat material known as plaque in a person's blood vessels in a disease known as atherosclerosis.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following is an organic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   CO2
B)   H2CO3
C)   Na2CO3
D)   MnCO3
E)   CaCO3 Organic molecules are those that contain both carbon and hydrogen and may contain a variety of other elements.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

A fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called

Accepted Answer

A)   steroid.
B)   cholesterol.
C)   unsaturated.
D)   abonded.
E)   organic.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   lactose.
B)   starch.
C)   glycogen.
D)   glucose.
E)   cellulose. Glycogen is a type of polysaccharide used to store sugar in animals.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Plants store their sugar in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   protein.
B)   glycogen.
C)   cellulose.
D)   starch.
E)   glucose. Plants store their glucose in the form of starch, a form that can then be drawn on as a reserve when needed.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 3: The Organic Molecules of Life

A nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components?

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Which of the following would describe a polypeptide?

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A fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called

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Which of the following is not a dehydration synthesis reaction?

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Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane?

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Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?

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ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. The components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atherosclerosis is associated with

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Glycogen is a ________ made of many ________.

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Which of the following is an organic molecule?

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Plants store their sugar in the form of

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Select the incorrect association.

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DNA functions to ________, while RNA's function is to________.

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Which of the following is an organic molecule?

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Which nitrogen-containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

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The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that

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In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________.

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Humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a person orders a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the following would be a false statement about the nutritional intake?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Glycogen is a made of many .

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DNA functions to , while RNA's function is to.

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In a dehydration reaction, . In order for this to occur water is .

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