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Exam 46: Environmental Law

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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Referencing the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which of the following are standards that will protect the public welfare (crops, buildings, and animals) from any known or anticipated adverse effect associated with a pollutant?

A) Conservation
B) Required
C) Primary
D) Secondary
E) Suggested

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Question 32

True/False

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Incineration is viewed as the last resort for disposal of hazardous waste.

A) True
B) False

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is a treaty with the purpose of significantly reducing, and in some countries banning, the use of ozone-depleting air pollutants?

______ taxes reference the taxation of environmentally harmful activities.

"Smelly Lake." Barney, who lives on a navigable lake, is unhappy because he believes that a local company is dumping pollutants into the lake resulting in harm to his property and horrible odors. No one swims in the lake anymore. He calls a company official, Warren, who tells him to mind his own business. Warren tells him that the state has no authority, that federal investigators do not have time for Barney's small smelly lake, that swimming is not a concern of the government, and that any federal penalties are negligible. Barney tells Warren that he is pushing for big penalties and that Warren is likely to end up in jail. Warren just laughs. -Which of the following is true regarding Warren's statement that swimming is not a concern of the government?

Germany has a law that requires that manufacturers be responsible for their product's packaging, and the packaging may be disposed of in the public waste disposal system.

Which of the following enforces the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act?

Every ______ the EPA must review the scientific evidence to determine whether new discoveries have shown that the National Ambient Air Quality Standards should be changed.

Who are potentially responsible parties under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability act (CERCLA)?

Which of the following is true regarding the U.S.'s rank in a recent study that ranked 142 countries in terms of environmental health?

Environmental regulations are enforced primarily through lawsuits started in the state court systems.

When a plant emits particulates that fall on a person's property, defacing the house and making it difficult for family members to breathe, which of the following is a theory on which the homeowner would most likely proceed?

A nuisance arises when one person uses his or her property in a manner that unreasonably interferes with another's use and enjoyment of his or her land.

Which of the following regulates pesticides?

For a number of years which of the following has been the primary agency responsible for the passage and enforcement of federal regulations protecting the environment?

The ultimate goal of the "polluter and user pay" approach is to phase out environmentally harmful action through the imposition of a tax.

Under a subsidy system, the government gives firms tax credits, low-interest loans, and/or grants if they install pollution control devices or change their production methods to reduce harmful emissions.

When, if ever, does the Environmental Protection Agency give a state the first opportunity to prosecute violators of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act?

Bruce operates a power plant that emits mercury. He has older pollution control equipment and constantly struggles with his discharges. Renee also operates a power plant. She tells Bruce that she is investigating the purchase of modern pollution equipment that would result in the mercury discharge of her company being significantly under the amount of allowable mercury discharge. Renee tells Bruce, however, that the equipment is very expensive. She proposes that she and Bruce lobby legislators for marketable discharge permits in the mercury area. What is she referencing and how would it work? Do you think this is a good idea, and why or why not?

List the two primary functions served by the National Environmental Policy Act and set forth the responsibilities of the Council on Environmental Quality.